In the United Kingdom, the popularity of online grocery shopping is expected to surge from about 6% of the market today to 9% by 2021, according to market research firm Mintel. One of the pioneers of online-only grocery retailing is Ocado, based in Hatfield, Hertfordshire in the U.K. Since starting commercial deliveries in 2002, the company has grown to 600,000 active customers, 260,000 weekly orders, and £1.39 billion in annual revenue.

Ocado takes supermarket trips out of the equation by enabling shoppers to purchase items online through its convenient web and mobile applications. Items are then picked and packed in automated warehouses and shipped directly to customers in a one-hour time slot of their choosing. Ocado’s delivery punctuality is 95%, order accuracy is 99%, and its service footprint now reaches more than 70% of the U.K. population.

“Google Cloud Platform gives us the flexibility and performance to tackle the large and complex data challenges unique to our business.”

—Paul Clarke, Chief Technology Officer, Ocado

The company achieved its success by building in-house almost all the technology and automation that powers its end-to-end e-commerce, fulfillment, and logistics platform. Ocado also developed a new platform, the Ocado Smart Platform (OSP), which offers large brick-and-mortar grocery retailers around the world access to a best-in-class solution for online grocery.

Democratizing machine learning

The shopping journey for online grocery retailing differs significantly from other e-businesses. Customers often buy dozens of products at once, a single household may have multiple buyers using multiple devices, and product shelf life may only be a couple of days.

“We often say that having built an end-to-end platform that can do online grocery scalably and profitably, we can do other forms of online retail; but the reverse does not necessarily follow,” says Paul Clarke, Chief Technology Officer at Ocado. “Google Cloud Platform gives us the flexibility and performance to tackle the large and complex data challenges unique to our business.”

The Ocado business model takes advantage of consumers’ shifting preferences and the links between digital technology and shopping experiences.

“Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine gives us the agility we need. Our developers were able to try out TensorFlow and see firsthand the benefits of machine learning in the cloud.”

—Paul Clarke, Chief Technology Officer, Ocado

The company has been building machine learning into its systems for over five years. Until recently, Ocado machine learning applications required specialist data scientists, typically with PhDs in machine learning, who would build these solutions from the ground up. It also required the specialist who set up the system and costly on-premises infrastructure to train and run these systems.

However, working with Google as a private alpha testing site for Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine accelerated its adoption of artificial intelligence (AI).

“We’ve been talking about how the cloud could democratize AI for some time,” says Paul. “Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine gives us the agility we need. Our developers were able to try out TensorFlow and see firsthand the benefits of machine learning in the cloud.”

TensorFlow is an open source software library for machine learning developed by the Google Brain team. Ocado developers, engineers, and data scientists now use TensorFlow for many of their machine learning projects. They deploy the models they build on Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine, which lets them train models faster across servers, desktop computers, and mobile devices through a single application program interface (API). Additionally, Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine integrates easily with the other Google Cloud Platform products used widely at Ocado.

What do customers really want?

One of the first TensorFlow models Ocado created was a machine learning algorithm that tags and categorizes customer emails and then prioritizes them for response.

The contact center receives thousands of emails each day and Ocado wanted to automate determining which ones needed to be answered immediately and which ones could wait.

For example, a first-time customer expressing their delight in using Ocado doesn’t need to be responded to with the same urgency as a customer who is missing an item from their order or who won’t be home to receive the delivery.

“Enabling agents to respond without having to sort through less-urgent emails improves Ocado’s responsiveness and customer service.”

—James Donkin, General Manager, Ocado

“We get a lot of emails from customers saying, ‘Our service was great,’ or ‘The driver was very courteous,'” says James Donkin, General Manager, Ocado. “But when issues like weather or road conditions potentially affect delivery, we often get surges of urgent questions. Enabling agents to respond without having to sort through less-urgent emails improves Ocado’s responsiveness and customer service.”

Using Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine, TensorFlow, and a large data set culled from several years’ worth of manually categorized customer emails, Ocado experimented on which kind of neural network architecture would best prioritize emails. After testing its models, Ocado implemented the highest-performing one and has been able to respond to urgent messages four times faster. The company also discovered that 7% of its emails don’t require a response at all, which means call center representatives now have more time to devote to higher priority messages.

“Without Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine, it would have been a lot harder to succeed on a project like email classification,” says Roland Plaszowski, who has recently managed several big data projects and initiatives at Ocado.

“Even if we invested significantly in infrastructure, it would be difficult to manage because of the computational intensity. It’s challenging and expensive to run machine learning projects at the same time without infrastructure that you can scale easily.”

Ocado also uses machine learning to predict customer behavior and improve experiences. By analyzing order data, Ocado makes shopping as frictionless as possible. For example, the ordering system can pre-populate customers’ shopping carts with items they are most likely to purchase, remind customers about items they may have forgotten, and notify them of multi-buy offers they haven’t completed, for example, only buying one of a buy one, get one free offer. Based on machine learning from previous purchase data, the Ocado system can also offer new products that are likely to delight customers.

“You will regularly see items that are more personally relevant to you instead of items that are being promoted more generally,” says James. “I’m a vegetarian, so I’m offered specials for vegetarian products that I normally buy and new ones that I’ve never bought. I’m also less likely to see things that I’m not interested in.”

Machines and machine learning

Within the Internet of Things (IoT), Ocado is looking to enhance its warehouse robots with machine learning. An integral part of the OSP, thousands of robots continually stream data into Google Cloud Storage and Google BigQuery.

Ocado data scientists apply machine learning to create a type of swarm intelligence that enables warehouse robots to work cooperatively to achieve a common goal. Projects include modules to search robot telemetry data, such as whether a battery pack is operating within standard tolerances or whether firmware has been successfully loaded, and use it to optimize maintenance schedules or detect patterns in wear and tear.

“Another challenge we’re looking at is how to embed machine learning directly into robots so they become smarter in terms of self-testing, exception handling, and error recovery,” says Paul. “This is a challenging combination of IoT, data analytics, and machine learning that we believe Google BigQuery and Google Cloud Machine Learning are particularly well suited to helping Ocado achieve.”

Scaling for new business

Scalability is also a major reason behind some of Ocado’s cloud initiatives, including the migration of all its on-premises data to the cloud. Ocado wanted to improve customer experiences, empower business teams with greater insight, and reduce IT overhead, so it consolidated onto Google Cloud Platform.

“The old databases just weren’t fast enough,” says Paul. “We needed a solution that could scale with the amount of data we generate and how we use it. Google Cloud Storage and Google BigQuery now provide the backbone, from a data point of view, for the Ocado Smart Platform.”

Ocado estimates its business, product, and transaction data is approaching two petabytes. Combining customer and supply chain data helps both internal Ocado operations and the company’s ambitions to commercialize OSP.

“When compared with other options for expansion internationally, selling OSP as a managed service lets us turn companies that could have been competitors into customers,” says Paul. “We want to build OSP once and then turn it on for multiple business-to-business customers.”

Each time Ocado adds a new hosting customer to OSP, it will launch a customized instance to fit that customer’s requirements. The capacity and performance of each new OSP instance must be able to scale quickly as the backend platform for established retailers with large numbers of products, customers, and transactions.

Ocado’s first OSP customer, Morrisons, is already benefiting from this first-of-a kind solution. Morrisons is one of the UK’s four largest supermarkets and uses OSP to power its online retail business. Using Google Cloud Platform, Ocado has stored, processed, and analyzed terabytes of Morrisons’ data using a dedicated data lake and Google BigQuery.

In addition to using Google Cloud Platform for OSP, Ocado also adopted it for its own online grocery retail business operation. Ocado originally used the Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop open-source frameworks on Google Compute Engine for its data platform. Moving to Google BigQuery frees Ocado business analysts from the complex query setup and workflows associated with Spark and Hadoop. Plus, it lets Ocado share data analytics with suppliers and partners.

Google BigQuery is well integrated with TensorFlow on Google Cloud Machine Learning Engine and Google Cloud Dataproc, the Apache Spark and Apache Hadoop service that lets Ocado use open source data tools for batch processing, querying, streaming, and machine learning. Google Cloud Dataflow and Google Cloud Dataproc handle cluster management, and provide an easy-to-use framework so developers can spend less time and money on administration and more time on delivering valuable business features.

Switching from Hadoop to Google BigQuery revealed a series of cost and performance improvements. For example, Ocado no longer needed to decide how many instances to bring up in a cluster or wait for the instances to spin up. Google handled everything.

“We simply ran our queries and paid for the resources that we use,” adds Roland. “One big win with Google BigQuery is we don’t have to do maintenance. Best of all, we saw Google BigQuery outperform our Hadoop cluster by over 80 times on our largest dataset, and for only two-thirds the cost.”

While there is uncertainty about how much the climate will change in the future, we know it won’t look like the past. Extreme weather events will increase in frequency and severity; the world will continue to warm, and the cost of climate change will increase.

Government plays a vital role in understanding and responding to these changes quickly. Achieving this improved response time will require data insights to ensure informed decision-making—from local to global scales. The challenge is not only urgent; it’s one of the world’s biggest “big data” problems.

Fortunately, new technologies to help us monitor the Earth are proliferating. Thousands of satellites take millions of images of the planet every day. Sensors generate data about temperature, precipitation, wind, soil conditions, and more—as frequently as every second. We have more information about the planet’s systems than at any other time in history. And the data will only continue to grow. The problem is not the lack of data–it is harnessing this data to drive insights for decision makers to tackle climate change. That’s why Google Cloud has partnered with Climate Engine.

How Climate Engine and Google Cloud enable greater climate resilience

Climate Engine is a scientist-led company that works with Google to accelerate and scale the use of Google Earth Engine’s world-class geospatial capacities (in addition to those of Google Cloud Storage and BigQuery, among other tools) in support of climate action in the public sector. Powered by Google Cloud’s infrastructure, Google Earth Engine (GEE) combines a multi-petabyte catalog of satellite imagery and geospatial datasets with planetary-scale analysis capabilities, enabling scientists, researchers, and developers to detect changes, map trends, and quantify differences on the Earth’s surface. 

With cloud-based technologies, we can leverage massive computing at a scale that generates actionable insights from Earth-based data. These insights help us better manage resources, understand risks, predict changes, and respond to disasters as we meet the challenge of climate change. Geospatial AI combines the power of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) with geospatial analysis. Google Cloud’s Geospatial AI solutions provide departments and agencies with a centralized system to collect, process, and deliver Earth-based data into decision-making contexts.

Climate Engine and Google Cloud provide specialists with the opportunity to go back in time and see how our landscapes have changed due to changes in climate and other human activities over the past few decades. Years of data can now be quantitatively analyzed and visualized in a matter of a few seconds, enabling government agencies to fulfill their mandates by drawing invaluable insights into how landscapes are changing, what physical and natural assets are at risk, and where the opportunities are for reducing emissions and increasing carbon sequestration. 

“This is game changing for natural resource managers and scientists at public institutions at all levels of government,” says Dr. Daniel McEvoy, regional climatologist, at the Desert Research Institute & Western Regional Climate Center, Nevada System of Higher Education.https://www.youtube.com/embed/aPGsi8bd_Zk?enablejsapi=1&

Use cases for geospatial climate information systems

The use cases for this technology are as varied as the climate challenges themselves. These include monitoring, predicting, and analyzing the risks of extreme weather events like floods, wildfire, drought, extreme heat, wind, and other climate hazards. Use cases also include tracking changes in ecosystems, disease vectors, water availability and quality, soil health, growing seasons, air pollution, and more. These use cases are some of the ways that Google Cloud and Climate Engine can help the public sector deliver on government mandates. These provide insights that are helpful for a wide range of departments, and that can be applied in spatial and temporal scales that are meaningful for governments to take action.

“Our planet is changing at a rate that we have never experienced,” says Forrest Melton of the NASA Western Water Applications Office. To respond to these changes, we must understand what is happening across a wide range of environmental variables and at geospatial scales that range from local to global. We now have access to more data about the planet than ever before. The big challenge is converting data into actionable insights and then rapidly integrating these insights into decision-making systems. Climate Engine and Google Cloud help resolve this problem through innovative analytical tools and effective use of cloud computing.” 

Climate change carries an existential risk to our current and future stability and security. Together, we are working to provide transformational technologies that help meet that risk and build a safer, more resilient future for all of us. 

Learn more about Google Cloud’s environmental initiatives here and here.

We’re excited to announce that Google Cloud Next returns on October 11–13, 2022. 

Join us for keynotes from industry luminaries and engage live with Google developers. Explore dynamic content across various learning levels, and dive deep into technologies and solutions spanning the Google Cloud and Google Workspace portfolios. Participate in breakout sessions, demos, and hands-on training. Hear from the world’s leading companies about their digital transformation journeys. You’ll have opportunities to connect with experts, get inspired, and boost your skills. We can’t wait to see you at Next ’22!

It’s too early to determine how the event experience will span the digital and physical worlds, so please stay tuned for updates as we plan with the health and safety of the attendees in mind. In the meantime, mark October 11–13 in your calendar, and visit our event site for updates. For more inspiration, rediscover Next ’21, now available on demand.

Aches and pains. What, if anything, is the difference between those? And do you know a “myocardial infarction” from a “heart attack”? What about an “MI”? Is that shorthand, or part of the address of a hospital in Michigan?

For people, it can be easy to understand the distinctions and nuances between similar words, phrases, and concepts, even technical ones, like those found throughout the medical field. Yet even for the most advanced AI, the contextual clues that give humans accurate comprehension of words and images remain an elusive challenge. It’s a challenge well worth solving, though: As much as 80% of all healthcare data is said to be unstructured.

It’s the kind of complicated data management challenge that natural language processing was built to solve.

Healthcare and life sciences organizations are generating vast amounts of unstructured data as part of clinical and operational workflows, which presents an enormous opportunity to derive meaningful insights for medical research, population health, and patient care. For example, clinical notes and lab reports have useful, actionable information that, when unlocked, can help improve the overall quality of patient care, accelerate the discovery of new treatments, and increase the efficiency of healthcare delivery.

This approach is at the heart of Google Cloud’s Healthcare Natural Language API, in enabling healthcare organizations to build open, intelligent systems that unlock value from healthcare data. The open cloud approach enables our partners to innovate more easily, and scale more efficiently. We believe this approach will further advance interoperability—and ultimately lead to healthier and fuller lives.

Unlockinging value from clinical documents and research materials
Over the past two years, we have seen just how powerful AI can be in expediting drug discovery efforts for COVID-19, forecasting and modeling COVID-19 cases, and building better models for a host of public health measures. The opportunities extend well beyond battling the pandemic, too, to helping combat cancers, diabetes, and disabilities, and accelerating drug discovery.

As healthcare and life sciences organizations look to incorporate new data sources in their analytics and AI workflows, Google Cloud has been investing in providing open, flexible, and easy to use API services that customers and partners can integrate into their solutions, to accelerate their development with the power of Google’s AI technology.

The Cloud Healthcare Natural Language API is one such example, and aims to provide fully managed services that deliver the latest advances in natural language processing in an easy to use and easy to integrate manner. Healthcare organizations can then build intelligent systems to improve care and reduce cost while not having to worry about the complexities of the underlying and fast-changing technology, thus enabling more open innovation in the development of healthcare applications.

A number of healthcare innovators are exploring the potential for natural language processing.

“Patients come to Mayo Clinic with a history, and that history is well-documented, but often buried in clinical notes. Extracting information from unstructured healthcare data across thousands of patients is a complex problem,” says Vish Anantraman, M.D., Chief Technology Officer at Mayo Clinic. “Custom natural language processing solutions have a great potential to extract higher quality insights from these notes and to deliver more timely, and holistic patient care.”

The best insights can often be the unexpected ones, and that is precisely what Hackensack Meridian Health, in northern New Jersey, is looking for.

“Doctor’s notes are a rich space to create structured information from their natural workflow,” says Michael Draugelis, vice president for predictive health at Hackensack Meridian Health. “We are designing new AI-powered solutions to connect clinical teams, patients, and the community automatically from these insights—without creating cumbersome screen clicks and prompts. This automation allows our clinical teams to focus on connecting with the patient.”

Hospital leaders there are testing Google’s NLP API to gather information such as social determinants of health and behavioral health signals from large amounts of clinical notes, with approximately 35 million processed. Seeking to achieve the greatest value from natural language processing, the team at Hackensack Meridian Health have specifically focused on extracting information that is inherently not easy to capture in more traditional electronic health records.

“The extracted insights from the Google NLP API creates a foundational component to map clinical protocols, pathways, and outcomes, to better understand and improve patient care,” Draugelis says.

And at the National Institutes of Health and elsewhere, researchers are exploring how natural-language-derived variables could offer an additional predictive value over and above the Veteran Health Administrations’s structured EMR-based suicide prediction model.

To help healthcare organizations achieve goals like the ones above, we at Google draw on the expertise of tens of thousands of data scientists across the company who work every day on building better AI and decades of AI research in language understanding to power the development of services such as the Cloud Healthcare Natural Language API.

According to independent benchmarking of Cloud providers offering fully managed healthcare natural language service by tech analysts GigaOm, the Google Cloud Healthcare Natural Language API was among the most accurate in the industry, outperforming other service providers in terms of correctly classified medical entities and relationships, and with very few misclassifications.

Using AI to connect systems and enhance healthcare interoperability

As an industry, healthcare and life sciences organizations have been talking about the importance of data and data interoperability for a while. But our experiences from the past couple years have demonstrated that we cannot be fully prepared for the next global health crisis without greater connections within and between organizations.

Starting with the Healthcare Data Engine, organizations have been integrating and harmonizing data securely across many of their sources—patients, members, operations, research, and public databases—so they can quickly analyze it to get insights, and then make smarter, faster decisions.

This is the start of a broader vision for a new kind of healthcare and life sciences connected world where enterprises, institutions, and startups will securely collaborate to deliver on the next generation of care. Such a future relies on cloud-based solutions that are as open and flexible as they are user-friendly, compliance-ready, and secure.

We envision a future where healthcare organizations can seamlessly connect data from various systems, unlock the value from data regardless of source or format, and break down barriers in healthcare interoperability and AI to improve healthcare and save lives.

With these goals in mind, we continue to enhance the hybrid data clouds that customers are building to organize and analyze their information, and we and our partners continue to build on our data capabilities. Given the complexities both within the field and within each organization, we believe the greatest value comes from having partners and tools available to build the AI and NLP technologies most relevant to your unique needs.

How many times has a shopper searched for a product on a store’s website only to get results that aren’t relevant—or worse, provided no search results at all? While most ecommerce sites have search capabilities, few accomplish their ultimate goal: making it easy for customers to discover the products they want.

Some 94% of U.S. consumers abandoned a shopping session because they received irrelevant search results, according to a 2021 survey conducted by The Harris Poll and Google Cloud. It’s a phenomenon known as “search abandonment.” Indeed, poor product discovery experiences can stop a purchase in its tracks and leave shoppers frustrated. Retailers miss out on a staggering $300 billion each year due to search abandonment in the U.S. alone.

With the announcement today of our latest discovery solution, Retail Search, now generally available, retailers worldwide can supercharge their websites and mobile apps with Google-quality search. Built on Google’s technologies that understand user intent and context, the solution helps businesses improve the search and overall shopping experience across all of their digital touchpoints.

Already, early adopters like Lowes, Fnac Darty, and Casas Pernambucanas have been using Google Cloud’s discovery solutions to increase sales conversions, boost basket sizes, and improve customer engagement.

Understanding user intent in search is a hard problem

While we’ve come a long way from the days when search was largely based on keywords and boolean rules, shoppers still struggle to find what they’re looking for. They often have to come up with a perfectly-worded query that a retailer’s site search engine will understand, sometimes rephrasing several times before getting the results they want—if they find anything relevant at all.

Traditional search technologies don’t work in the modern age of online retail, where tens or even hundreds of thousands of items are available on a single ecommerce site.

Today, people expect search engines to understand their intent more deeply, return relevant results faster, and help them discover new products easily with personalized recommendations.

Fortunately, product discovery experiences on retail sites can now offer superior, contextual experiences for consumers, combining marketing and data science insights along with advanced search technologies based on machine learning and artificial intelligence.

Now, through the power of Retail Search, when a shopper searches for a “long black dress with short sleeves and comfortable fit” on an ecommerce site, they should immediately get results for precisely that—rather than refining their search multiple times, or worse, giving up their shopping journey.

Helping retailers solve their search experience woes

Retail Search transforms the shopping experience and makes it easier for shoppers to find relevant products by surfacing results that are intuitive and contextual.

This fully managed service is easily customizable, enabling organizations to craft shopper-focused search experiences. Our site search solution builds upon decades of Google’s experience and innovation in search indexing, retrieval, and ranking. Retailers can make product discovery even easier for shoppers, while optimizing for their business goals with advanced capabilities, including:

• Advanced query understanding that produces better results from even the broadest queries, including non-product searches.
• Semantic search to effectively match product attributes with website content for fast, relevant product discovery.
• Optimized results that leverage user interaction and ranking models to meet specific business goals.
• State-of-the-art security and privacy practices that ensure retailer data is isolated with strong access controls and is only used to deliver relevant search results on their own properties.

Retailers can now shape product discovery into a shopping experience that is timely, relevant, and personalized—all powered by Google Cloud.

Early adopters seeing immediate impact

Several leading retailers around the world have been able to quickly create better online shopping experiences for their customers and capture more digital and omnichannel growth using Google Cloud’s product discovery solutions.

“With limited customer signals and no historical data, descriptive long-tail searches are some of the most challenging queries to understand,” said Neelima Sharma, senior vice president, technology, e-commerce, marketing and merchandising at Lowe’s. “We have been partnering with Google Cloud to give our customers relevant results for long-tail searches and have seen an increase in click-through and search conversion and a drop in our ‘No Results Found’ rate since we launched.”

“Making constant improvements to our website search engines has always been a priority for us as we aim to give our customers a simpler, more customized and enhanced online shopping experience,” said Olivier Theulle, Fnac Darty’s chief ecommerce and digital officer. “As we implement Google Cloud’s site search solution on our Fnac Darty websites and are the first French retailer to do so, we expect the solution to deliver increased conversion rates while also offering greater customer satisfaction.”

“Google Cloud has helped improve the indexing and quality of search results on Pernambucanas’ digital platforms, providing a better experience to our customers and improving sales conversions,” said Fabiano Rustice, chief information officer at Pernambucanas. “On Black Friday in November 2021—the largest retail date in Brazil—we saw a 20% reduction in search refinements per user, for which Retail Search was instrumental. We are proud to be an early adopter and to have Google Cloud as a strategic innovation partner.”

In addition to Google Cloud’s efforts working directly with customers, our ecosystem of key partners, including GroupBy, Lucidworks, GridDynamics, SpringML, and others are also leveraging Google Cloud discovery solutions to provide value added services to their customers.

“In the fast paced and extremely competitive ecommerce environment, we are seeing that forward-looking and innovative retailers are prioritizing product discovery,” said Roland Gossage, CEO of GroupBy. “GroupBy has proudly partnered with Google Cloud to launch its product discovery solutions across several client environments. Already we have seen a more than 10% increase in online revenues, which equates to millions of dollars, and this is just the beginning.”

To learn more, visit Discovery Solutions for Retail or contact your Google Cloud field sales representative.