Anyone who has ever coached or played on a sports team, or had a child involved in sports, knows how difficult scheduling and logistics can be. From game and practice schedules, to uniforms and who’s bringing the snacks, it can be a lot for coaches, administrators, parents, and players to manage.

It’s no wonder that TeamSnap, a sports team, club, and tournament management app, has exploded in popularity worldwide. By syncing events to everyone’s personal calendars and providing messaging and payment tracking, TeamSnap makes communication and organization easy.

TeamSnap markets its app to coaches, players, and clubs via targeted YouTube ads. It also uses Google AdWords and DoubleClick to advertise on search results and run programmatic campaigns. These methods have been highly effective, helping TeamSnap grow to millions of users worldwide and become one of the most popular apps in the iOS app store.

As its business and data grew, TeamSnap was challenged to track ROI and measure the customer journey across channels and devices over time. The company’s marketing budget grew quickly, making it even more important to spend wisely. With data in Google Analytics 360, DoubleClick Campaign Manager, Google AdWords, and Salesforce, TeamSnap needed a way to link and correlate those data sources in a scalable, timely, and cost-effective way to understand the true impact of its digital marketing across websites and mobile apps.

To avoid the painstaking manual process of pulling data from multiple sources, TeamSnap began using Google Analytics 360, which integrates with Google BigQuery, to provide a fully managed big data analysis service. TeamSnap analyzes the data using Tableau, which connects directly to Google BigQuery for fast analytics and helps the company share and collaborate on that information with self-service ease.

The combination allows TeamSnap to easily track the activity of millions of users with self-service ease, without worrying about the scalability or availability of the big data platform.

“Before Google Analytics 360, Google BigQuery, and Tableau, tracking our return on ad spend was difficult because we had so much data,” says Ken McDonald, Chief Growth Officer at TeamSnap. “We didn’t always have insights to make the best choices. We don’t have that problem anymore because we’ve moved to real-time reporting. We find additional revenue growth opportunities almost daily.”

Making Ad Dollars Work Harder

TeamSnap now automatically imports unsampled Google Analytics 360 logs into the Google BigQuery data warehouse. To import data from other sources such as Google AdWords, DoubleClick, and YouTube, TeamSnap uses Google BigQuery Data Transfer Service. With all relevant data consolidated in Google BigQuery, TeamSnap can use Tableau to perform advanced analytics on its digital marketing, executing ad-hoc analyses in seconds, while eliminating data sampling issues, to improve accuracy. These analyses can also be reused and shared with internal and external stakeholders via Tableau Online, promoting governed reuse and consistency.

“Using Google Analytics 360 and Google BigQuery with Tableau to track our return on ad spend is ideal,” says Ken. “It’s easy to use SQL to query the data or explore it with drag-and-drop ease.”

With Google BigQuery, Ken and his team can bring all the data from the TeamSnap billing systems, internal CRM, and other Google services into one straightforward dataset that everyone uses. With Tableau, users are able to perform self-service analytics on this data and provision analyses via shared dashboards that communicate the same consistent truth across the company. These dashboards provide a single view of the business to discover new patterns and questions worth analyzing.

All of this results in enormous time savings because no one is re-inventing the wheel. “Using these tools, we immediately reallocated $300,000 of ad spend that was performing poorly, generating 200% ROI in the first two days,” says Ken.

Ken now spends his time analyzing data instead of trying to pull it all together, identifying pockets of inefficient spend in real time and reallocating those marketing dollars toward better performing campaigns.

“Before, we could only focus on the largest campaign-level datasets because it was so time consuming to pull the data,” he says. “With Google BigQuery and Tableau, we can examine our advertising ROI much more granularly and reallocate more than $10 million in ad spend annually to grow the company faster and more efficiently.”

More Effective A/B Testing

To make sure it is delivering the best customer experiences, TeamSnap uses Google Optimize to run A/B tests on its website. It uses Google BigQuery and Tableau to verify and supplement these findings by measuring longer-term customer behavior across devices, spanning both web and mobile apps.

By pulling in data from Google Optimize, Google Analytics 360, Salesforce, and in-house billing and CRM systems, and understanding it with Tableau, TeamSnap has increased the accuracy and effectiveness of its A/B testing, gaining a more complete picture of customer onboarding and activity. In some cases, it found that short-term indicators it previously trusted were actually poor predictors of long-term behavior.

“Integration between Google Analytics 360 and Google BigQuery is seamless, giving us much more confidence in our A/B testing,” says Ken. “We’re constantly finding new and interesting ways to use our digital marketing data. Often, making a simple change can increase revenue by hundreds of thousands of dollars a year.”

Improving Product Quality

TeamSnap also uses Google BigQuery and Tableau to improve its own product, tracking customer activity at such a granular level that usability and functionality issues can be exposed and addressed faster. It’s also increasing customer engagement by verifying that potential customers are coming in through the right onboarding path—for example, a coach versus a player, or a consumer versus a club or other sports business. Using A/B testing to make sure customers are routed to the appropriate flow, TeamSnap drove $4 million in additional customer value each year.

“We initially chose Google BigQuery and Tableau to help with marketing, but we realized quickly that they could help us on the product side as well,” says Ken. “Most of the testing we do is about making things better and easier for our customers, and we’re accelerating that process with Google BigQuery and Tableau.”

Demand for spoken audio content such as podcasts remains robust despite the proliferation of video services and other entertainment options for consumers. Shibin Li, Co-founder of Castbox, credits growth of the global podcast platform to the following: speed and availability, market-leading features, the proliferation of smart devices to deliver audio content, and activities — such as driving and working around the house — that make consuming video difficult.

Founded in 2016 and headquartered in Beijing, China, Castbox enables users to locate, access, and create spoken audio content. Available on iOS and Android, Castbox supports 50 million podcasts, on-demand radio programs, and audiobooks in 70 languages from 175 countries. The platform hosts about 2 million users per day and is the largest podcast platform on Android.

Castbox includes a range of features that build on its core service to provide a high-quality user experience. These features include curated podcast recommendations and in-audio search.

A combination of services

At its inception, Castbox relied on a combination of a multinational cloud services, as well as Google Cloud Platform (GCP) services, including the Google BigQuery analytics data warehouse and Cloud APIs to provide programmatic interfaces with Google Cloud services, and a range of services from the Google mobile development platform Firebase.

However, as Castbox matured and its user base expanded, the business increased its reliance on Google Cloud Platform and Firebase.

“We needed to access stable cloud services as we could not tolerate long periods of downtime that would compromise the user experience,” says Li. “Furthermore, we had to support up to 50,000 concurrent connections, and potentially more in future, without disruption.”

“Based on our analysis of the data in Google BigQuery, we can determine what type of content users are listening to, how long they like to listen to it, and when they like to listen to it. This allows us to recommend similar podcasts to each user based on the preferences he or she expressed, encouraging activity on and return visits to our platform.”

—Shibin Li, Co-Founder, Castbox

Competitive differentiation

Castbox also found machine learning-powered Google Cloud Platform APIs could help deliver features, such as in-audio search, that differentiate the podcast platform from its competitors. In addition, Firebase SDKs and Firebase A/B Testing would enable Castbox to create and analyze new applications, as well as make adjustments based on user feedback. Firebase Realtime Database would allow the business to support tens of thousands of concurrent user connections.

The diligence of the Google Cloud team in advising Li and her team about forthcoming products and services also swayed Castbox towards Google technologies. The business gained the opportunity with Google to join several programs that offered early access to Google innovations.

Signature in-audio search service

Castbox now uses Google Cloud Platform services in the Tokyo, Japan, and U.S. East regions. Cloud Speech-to-Text API plays a key role in delivering Castbox’s signature in-audio search service. This service enables users to search transcriptions of audio content on the platform for words or phrases. The search results incorporate the title of the podcast and the search term in context (for example, within the sentence or sentence excerpt in which it appears). Each use of the word or phrase is time-stamped so it can easily be found. The API enables Castbox developers to apply neural network algorithms to achieve audio-to-text conversion accuracy rates of greater than 96%, while search queries typically experience latency of just 50 milliseconds.

In addition, the latency of comparison data, converting audio to text, is only about 250 milliseconds, contributing to the processing of about 12 minutes worth of audio to text in just 10 minutes. “We can process about 20 hours of audio files in one day,” Li says. “This enables us to transcribe and index all the new episodes of a podcast in that period.”

50,000 concurrent connections

With Firebase Realtime Database, Castbox now supports up to 50,000 concurrent connections to its platform with an average latency per connection of just 10 milliseconds. “Firebase Realtime Database also allows us to continue operating in offline mode, which is extremely helpful if we experience any network disruptions,” Li explains. “When we come back online again, any data is simply synchronized with the database.”

Google BigQuery and the analytics capabilities of Firebase SDKs also enable Castbox to monitor and analyze user behaviors. “Based on our analysis of the data in Google BigQuery, we can determine what type of content users are listening to, how long they like to listen to it, and when they like to listen to it,” Li explains. “This allows us to recommend similar podcasts to each user based on the preferences he or she expressed, encouraging activity on and return visits to our platform.”

“Given our queries may span up to 40 days of data, we may be analyzing up to 1,200 GB at one time. We have no problem doing this with Google BigQuery.”

—Shibin Li, Co-Founder, Castbox

Castbox also uses its analyses of Google BigQuery data to amend banners and summaries on its platform to encourage users to listen to additional content. Furthermore, the service is prepared to make surprise recommendations of content to users based on the preferences and reactions of users with similar tastes.

“We analyze a pool of data growing at up to 30 GB per day,” Li explains. “Given our queries may span up to 40 days of data, we may be analyzing up to 1,200 GB at one time. We have no problem doing this with Google BigQuery.” These analyses also support Castbox’s decision to start creating original content, such as finance and economic news, for its platform.

Checking weekly changes

Castbox does not rely only on analyzing user data to deliver a high-quality experience. The business aggregates user feedback from emails and Google Play reviews to make weekly changes to its platform. It then uses Firebase A/B Testing to check whether these changes are met with a positive user response.

“We are extremely pleased with Google Cloud Platform and Firebase. We have been able to differentiate ourselves from our competitors and provide an attractive option for users at a time when content and entertainment options are exploding. We have a great opportunity with Google to continue to improve the value of our offering to users and build engagement and loyalty.”

—Shibin Li, Co-Founder, Castbox

Castbox’s positive experiences with Google Cloud Platform are encouraging the business to grow its use of the product. “We are trying to move some more services to Google Cloud Platform because it is very stable and scalable,” Li says. The business is keen to explore the capabilities of Cloud Pub/Sub to provide low latency messaging between applications, Cloud Spanner to deliver a distributed relational database service, and Cloud Dataflow to transform and enrich data in stream and batch modes.

“We are extremely pleased with Google Cloud Platform and Firebase,” Li concludes. “We have been able to differentiate ourselves from our competitors and provide an attractive option for users at a time when content and entertainment options are exploding. We have a great opportunity with Google to continue to improve the value of our offering to users and build engagement and loyalty.”

Japan is home to millions of vending machines installed on streets and in buildings, sports stadiums and other facilities. Vending machine owners and operators, including beverage manufacturers, stock these machines with different product combinations depending on location and demand. For example, they primarily display coffee and energy drinks in machines placed in offices and sports drinks and mineral water in machines at sports facilities. The combinations also vary by season: for example, owners and operators may display cold beverages in summer and hot beverages in winter. 

Traditionally, vending machine operators have relied on the intuition and experience of sales managers to determine the optimum product mix for each vending machine. However, in recent years, manufacturers such as Coca-Cola Bottlers Japan (CCBJ) have turned to data to analyze and make strategic decisions about when and where to locate products in machines.

CCBJ is the number one Coca-Cola bottler in Asia and vending machines comprise the bulk of its business. The organization operates about 700,000 machines across Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, and 35 prefectures. Minori Matsuda, Google Developer Expert and also Data Science Manager at CCBJ, says “The billions of data records collected from 700,000 physical devices are a great asset and a treasure trove we can take advantage of.”

Minori points out that when considering the mix of products in vending machines in sporting facilities, the managers naturally assume sports drinks would generally sell well. However, analysis of purchase data – including hot drinks and hot drinks plus sports drinks – found many parents purchased sweet drinks such as milk tea when they attended games or sessions involving their children.  “Analyzing data gives us new discoveries and, by using catchy storytelling techniques from exploratory data analysis, we are instilling a data culture within our company,” he says. “It’s worth creating by looking at facts rather than making assumptions!”

Minori believes that to analyze the vast amount of data collected from more than 700,000 vending machines, the business needs a powerful analytical platform. However, until recently, CCBJ had to extract data for analysis from its core systems, load this data into a warehouse it created and perform the required analyses.  The billions of records of data generated across the fleet – including transaction data – exposed some challenges for traditional analysis platforms. They could not efficiently process data at a considerable scale: it could take a day to return results and required extensive maintenance due to the size.

CCBJ considered building a machine learning (ML) platform as a layer on top of existing systems in August 2020 and opted for Google Cloud the following month.  “I feel that Google Cloud has an edge in all products and is very well thought out,“ says Minori, noting the scalability and cost of the platform allow the business to take a ‘trial and error’ approach to achieve the best outcomes from ML. Google Cloud also delivered the required visibility and flexibility to help the business deliver change every day against key performance indicators. 

MLOps platform streamlines ML pipeline development

CCBJ built its analysis platform using Vertex AI (formerly AI Platform) centered on a BigQuery analytics data warehouse, and partly using AutoML for tabular data. “We have created a prediction model of where to place vending machines, what products are lined up in the machines and at what price, how much they will sell, and implemented a mechanism that can be analyzed on a map,” says Minori, adding that building the platform with Google Cloud was not difficult. “We were able to realize it in a short period of time with a sense of speed, from platform examination to introduction, prediction model training, on-site proof of concept to rollout.”

The new data analytics platform of CCBJ consists of the following parts:

Data Sources

• The data collected from the vending machines are all stored on BigQuery.

Data Discovery and Feature Engineering

• Minori and other data scientists at CCBJ are using Vertex Notebooks, where they access the data on BigQuery by executing SQL queries directly from the Notebooks. This environment is used for the data discovery process and feature engineering. 

ML Training

• For ML training, CCBJ uses AutoML for Tabular data, Custom model training on Vertex AI, and BigQuery ML. AutoML gives model performance with AUC curves and also feature importance graphs.

ML Prediction and Serving

• For ML prediction, CCBJ uses Online Prediction for AutoML models and Online Prediction for custom models for real-time prediction when the salesperson finds the interesting point
• Batch Prediction is used for generating a large prediction map that covers the whole country
• The prediction results are distributed to sales managers’ tablets

CCBJ started constructing the platform in September 2020, and completed it within a month. The business has conducted proofs of concept at its base in Kyoto since February 2021, and since April, has rolled out the platform to sales managers in 35 prefectures in one metropolitan area. “Data analysis is built into the day-to-day routines of sales managers with 100% utilization,” says Minori. “They can utilize the prediction results on tablets that were able to achieve pretty high accuracy from the start.”

The hardest part was the education of sales managers in the field; having them understand the reasoning behind the ML prediction results for particular outcomes, so they could be convinced to make use of the results. “For example, regarding a new installation location predicted by the model, it seemed that there was no effective information for installation from the map information, but when I actually went there, there was a motorcycle shop and it was a place where young people who like motorcycles gathered,” says Minori. “Or there is a small meeting place where the elderly in the neighborhood are active. 

“In many cases, new discoveries that cannot be understood from map information alone can be derived from the data.”

Minori also points to a phenomenon whereby humans pursued and confirmed factors inferred by the model – meaning that once they experienced analysis and it worked effectively, they asked why the same type of analysis or prediction could not be undertaken next time. The resulting cycle of more inquiries generated, more information gathered and more data captured for analysis meant the accuracy of results was improved.

Minori describes Vertex AI as having a number of strengths in helping CCBJ build a ML data analysis platform. “One of the major merits of Vertex AI was that we were able to realize MLOps that streamlines the entire development life cycle from construction of the ML pipeline to its execution,” he says.

With near real-time data analysis through Google Cloud, CCBJ teams can spend time developing strategies rather than waiting for data requested from the IT systems department. Exploratory data analysis is also considerably easier as repeated trial and error has greatly improved the accuracy of analyses. Before we used Machine Learning, most machine placement processes were done by human senses, by looking at a map to find the suggestion points. By using Machine Learning to generate a massive number of placement point suggestions, the efficiency of routing of salespeople has been dramatically improved. 

In the future, CCBJ aims to automate the continuous training pipeline with Vertex AI. “CCBJ is a tech company that operates in the food industry,” says Minori. With the organization operating a vending machine network of 700,000 units, it would like to create new businesses based on utilization and analyzing data. Some of these businesses may be based on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiatives such as the utilization of recycled PET bottles, measures to prevent food loss and ways of using vending machines to contribute to local communities, which we have been working on for some time. It would be interesting if we could collaborate with Google Cloud on these in the future.”