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Interpreting ML Models with Explainable AI
We often trust our high-accuracy ML models to make decisions for our users, but it’s hard to know exactly why or how these models came to specific conclusions.
Explainable AI provides a suite of tools to help you interpret your ML model’s predictions.
Listen to this discussion regarding how to use Explainable AI to ensure our ML models are treating all users fairly and how to analyze image, text, and tabular models from a fairness perspective, using Explanations on AI Platform.
Sara Robinson, Developer Advocate, Google Cloud defines explainability, and what it looks like for different data types. She also demonstrates the different Explainable AI offerings on Google Cloud, runs a demo, and shows how to use the What-if Tool, an open source visualization tool for optimizing your ML model’s performance and fairness.
Apollo24|7 partnered with Google Cloud to build the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) together

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Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is an important technology for the healthcare industry that analyzes data to help healthcare professionals make decisions related to patient care. The market size for the global clinical decision support system appears poised for expansion, with one study predicting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10.4%, from 2022 to 2030, to $10.7 billion.
For any health organization that wants to build a CDSS system, one key block is to locate and extract the medical entities that are present in the clinical notes, medical journals, discharge summaries, etc. Along with entity extraction, the other key components of the CDSS system are capturing the temporal relationships, subjects, and certainty assessments.
At Google Cloud, we know how critical it is for the healthcare industry to build CDSS systems, so we worked with Apollo 24|7, the largest multi-channel digital healthcare platform in India, to build the key blocks of their CDSS solution.
We helped them to parse the discharge summaries and prescriptions to extract the medical entities. These entities can then be used to build a recommendation engine that would help doctors with the “Next Best Action” recommendation for medicines, lab tests, etc.
Let’s take a sneak peek at Apollo 24|7’s entity extraction solutions, and the various Google AI technologies that were tested to form the technology stack.
Datasets Used
To perform our experiments on entity extraction, we used two types of datasets.
- i2b2 Dataset – i2b2 is an open-source clinical data warehousing and analytics research platform that provides annotated deidentified patient discharge summaries made available to the community for research purposes. This dataset was primarily used for training and validation of the models.
- Apollo 24|7’s Dataset – De-identified doctor’s notes from Apollo24|7 were used for testing. Doctors annotated them to label the entities and offset values.
Experimentation and choosing the right approach — Four models put to test
For entity extraction, both Google Cloud products and open-source approaches were explored. Below are the details:
- Healthcare Natural Language API: This is a no-code approach that provides machine learning solutions for deriving insights from medical text. Using this, we parsed unstructured medical text and then generated a structured data representation of the medical knowledge entities stored in the data for downstream analysis and automation. The process includes:
- Extract information about medical concepts like diseases, medications, medical devices, procedures, and their clinically relevant attributes;
- Map medical concepts to standard medical vocabularies such as RxNorm, ICD-10, MeSH, and SNOMED CT (US users only);
- Derive medical insights from text and integrate them with data analytics products in Google Cloud.
The advantage of using this approach is that it not only extracts a wide range of entity types like MED_DOSE, MED_DURATION, LAB_UNIT, LAB_VALUE, etc, but also captures functional features such as temporal relationships, subjects, and certainty assessments, along with the confidence scores. Since it is available on Google Cloud, this offers long-term product support. It is also the only fully-managed NLP service among all the approaches tested and hence, it requires the least effort to implement and manage.
But one thing to keep in mind is that since the Healthcare NL API offers natural language models that are pre-trained, it currently cannot be used for custom entity extraction models trained using custom annotated medical text or to extract custom entities. This has to be done via AutoML Entity Extraction for Healthcare, another Google Cloud service for custom model development. Custom model development is important for adapting the pre-trained models to new languages or region-specific natural language processing, such as medical terms whose use may be more prevalent in India than in other regions
- Vertex AutoML Entity Extraction for Healthcare: This is a low-code approach that’s already available on Google Cloud. We used AutoML Entity Extraction to build and deploy custom machine learning models that analyzed documents, categorized them, and identified entities within them. This custom machine learning model was trained on the annotated dataset provided by the Apollo 24|7 team.
The advantage of AutoML Entity Extraction is that it gives the option to train on a new dataset. However, one of the prerequisites to keep in mind is that it needs a little pre-processing to capture the input data in the required JSONL format. Since this is an AutoML model just for Entity Extraction, it does not extract relationships, certainty assessments, etc.
- BERT-based Models on Vertex AI: Vertex AI is Google Cloud’s fully managed unified AI platform to build, deploy, and scale ML models faster, with pre-trained and custom tooling. We experimented with multiple custom approaches based on pre-trained BERT-based models, which have shown state-of-the-art performance in many natural language tasks. To gain better contextual understanding of medical terms and procedures, these BERT-based approaches are explicitly trained on medical domain data. Our experiments were based on BioClinical BERT, BioLink BERT, Blue BERT trained on Pubmed dataset, and Blue BERT trained on Pubmed + MIMIC datasets.
The major advantage of these BERT-based models is that they can be finetuned on any Entity Recognition task with minimal efforts.
However, since this is a custom approach, it requires some technical expertise. Additionally, it does not extract relationships, certainty assessments, etc. This is one of the main limitations of using BERT-based models.
- ScispaCy on Vertex AI: We used Vertex AI to perform experiments based on ScispaCy, which is a Python package containing spaCy models for processing biomedical, scientific or clinical text.
Along with Entity Extraction, Scispacy on Vertex AI provides additional components like Abbreviation Detector, Entity Linking, etc. However, when compared to other models, it was less precise, with too many junk phrases, like “Admission Date,” captured as entities.
“Exploring multiple approaches and understanding the pros/cons of each approach helped us to decide the one that would fit our business requirements.” according to Abdussamad M, Engineering Lead at Apollo 24|7.
Evaluation Strategy
In order to match the parsed entity with the test data labels, we used extensive matching logic that comprised of the below four methods:
- Exact Match – Exact match captures entities where the model output and the entities in the test dataset match. Here, the offset values of the entities have also been considered. For example, the entity “gastrointestinal infection” that is present as-is in both the model output and the test label will be considered an “Exact Match.”
- Match-Score Logic – We used a scoring logic for matching the entities. For each word in the test data labels, every word in the model output is matched along with the offset. A score is calculated between the entities and based on the threshold, it is considered as a match.
- Partial Match – In this matching logic, entities like “hypertension” and “hypertensive” are matched based on the Fuzzy logic.
- UMLS Abbreviation Lookup – We also observed that the medical text had some abbreviations, like AP meaning abdominal pain. These were first expanded by doing a lookup on the respective UMLS (Unified Medical Language System) tables and then passed to the individual entity extraction models.
Performance Metrics
We used precision and recall metrics to compare the outcomes of different models/experiments.
Precision (also called positive predictive value) is the fraction of relevant instances among the retrieved instances, while recall (also known as sensitivity) is the fraction of relevant instances that were retrieved.
The below example shows how to calculate these metrics for a given sample.
Example sample: “Krish has fever, headache and feels uncomfortable”
Expected Entities: [“fever”, “headache”]
Model Output: [“fever”, “feels”, “uncomfortable”]

Thus,

Experimentation Results
The following table captures the results of the above experiments on Apollo24|7’s internal datasets.

Finally, the Blue BERT model trained on the Pubmed dataset had the best performance metrics with a 81% improvement on Apollo 24|7’s baseline mode with the Healthcare Natural Language API providing the context, relationships, and codes. This performance could be further improved by implementing an ensemble of these two models.
“With the Blue BERT model giving the best performance for entity extraction on Vertex AI and the Healthcare NL API being able to extract the relationships, certainty assessments etc, we finally decided to go with an ensemble of these 2 approaches,“ Abdussamad added.
Fast track end-to-end deployment with Google Cloud AI Services (AIS)
Google AIS (Professional Services Organization) helped Apollo24|7 to build the key blocks of the CDSS system.
The partnership between Google Cloud and Apollo 24|7 is just one of the latest examples of how we’re providing AI-powered solutions to solve complex problems to help organizations drive the desired outcomes. To learn more about Google Cloud’s AI services, visit our AI & ML Products page, and to learn more about Google Cloud solutions for health care, explore our Google Cloud Healthcare Data Engine page.
Acknowledgements
We’d like to give special thanks to Nitin Aggarwal, Gopala Dhar and Kartik Chaudhary for their support and guidance throughout the project. We are also thankful to Manisha Yadav, Santosh Gadgei and Vasantha Kumar for implementing the GCP infrastructure. We are grateful to the Apollo team (Chaitanya Bharadwaj, Abdussamad GM, Lavish M, Dinesh Singamsetty, Anmol Singh and Prithwiraj) and our partner team from HCL/Wipro (Durga Tulluru and Praful Turanur) who partnered with us in delivering this successful project. Special thanks to the Cloud Healthcare NLP API team (Donny Cheung, Amirhossein Simjour, and Kalyan Pamarthy).
Start-up Paves Way for More Inclusive Clinical Research: Honoring Black Founders of Acclinate with Google Cloud

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Editor’s note: February is Black History Month—a time for us to come together to celebrate the diverse set of experiences, perspectives and identities that make up the Black experience. Over the next few weeks, we will highlight Black-led startups and how they use Google Cloud to grow their businesses. Today’s feature highlights Acclinate and its founders, Del and Tiffany.
As patients, as caregivers, and as parents taking our own children to the doctor, we want recommended medications to be safe and effective. It’s a right everyone deserves.
It’s known that certain medications don’t work in the same way in all populations. For example, Albuterol, a medication often prescribed for asthma, is less effective in 67% of all Puerto Ricans and 47% of Black Americans. These problems—which can have deadly consequences—result from historically limited diversity in pharmaceutical clinical trials.
We founded our startup Acclinate to integrate culture and technology to achieve more inclusive clinical research. Help pharmaceutical companies and healthcare organizations access and engage communities of color so research is more inclusive.

Bridging the health equity gap by building trust
It’s important that health research organizations access and engage communities of color so their efforts reflect all the people they serve. Take a disease like diabetes, which affects a significantly higher proportion of Black Americans. When you look at even recent clinical trials for diabetic drugs, the representation of Black Americans among participants is only in the low single digits, despite comprising 13 percent of the U.S. population and more than 40 percent of diabetes patients in this country. Industry leaders have been aware of the lack of diversity issue, but some have chosen to ignore it or brush it aside. The biggest problem, in our opinion, is that there have been no penalties for not achieving higher diversity figures in clinical trials, and only minor financial repercussions to pharma/biotech companies when their treatments either do not work across all groups once approved, or there is a lack of uptake by all groups due to the lack of testing in those groups. The lack of clinical trial diversity has adversely impacted the reputation of the industry and the ability to recruit diverse populations in the future.
Acclinate integrates culture and technology to promote diverse patient representation in medical research. Our approach is not transactional. We build trust through our #NOWINCLUDED community, which is an ongoing, ever-expanding digital platform that educates and engages with communities of color on health issues.
#NOWINCLUDED includes a website app, and social media presence where members can learn information about diseases, particularly those with greater negative impacts on people of color, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Members can share stories and ask questions. By providing access to trusted resources about these health issues and the latest clinical research, we empower Black people to take control of their health and consider participating in research that is shaping the future of healthcare.
For healthcare-related organizations, we offer the opportunity to better understand the attitudes, aspirations, and unmet needs of underrepresented minority communities. Data from #NOWINCLUDED feeds our HIPAA-compliant SaaS platform, e-DICT™ (Enhanced Diversity in Clinical Trials), which uses predictive analytics and machine learning to identify individuals matching the requirements and most likely to be receptive to participation in a particular clinical trial.
Acclinate scales its platform with Google Cloud
We rely on Google Cloud services, including Vertex AI, to know whom to ask, when to ask, and how to ask for clinical trial participation. With Vertex AI, we enjoy a unified platform for developing our artificial intelligence models, including tools for preparing and storing our datasets. We can easily train and compare models using AutoML, which requires minimal ML expertise or effort with its intuitive graphical interface. This allows us to leverage more than ten ordinal and categorical data points to determine in real time a community member’s likelihood to enroll, which we call our Participation Probability Index (PPI). Our models evolve in an iterative process the more we interact with, and learn about, our community members.
We follow the pay-per-use Google Cloud Platform architecture model using serverless technology, which helps reduce infrastructure management costs and lets us focus on product development and engaging with communities across the U.S.
CloudSQL, a fully managed relational database service, integrates easily with BigQuery so we can glean insights for our clients in real time, all with Google Cloud’s robust security, governance, and reliability controls. Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) gives us scalable and flexible networking for our cloud-based resources and services. We also use Identity and Access Management (IAM) to simplify oversight of Google Cloud resource permissions for different user groups and roles, with appropriate security protections.
API Gateway manages our APIs using Cloud Functions, which both use consumption-based pricing, plus give our developers consistent and highly secure access to our services through a well-defined REST API. We use Memorystore for Redis to reduce platform latency. This is done with a fully managed service powered by the Redis in-memory data store, which builds application caches for fast data access. All of this comes together to provide an outstanding experience for our platform’s users and contributors.
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Expanding influence with the Google for Startups Accelerator for Black Founders
Three months of one-on-one Google support and mentorship as part of the most recent Google for Startups Accelerator : Black Founders cohort not only helped us build our product, but also helped us earn external credibility. People use Google every day, so whether we’re trying to engage in conversations with industry experts or with somebody in a rural community, it is helpful to have the buy-in of a globally-recognized brand as we take on a historically difficult, systemic issue with challenges around trust. Getting access to the products, best practices, and people we need to build and grow through the Accelerator program has been priceless. For example, working with the Google AdWords team helped us generate important traffic from people interested in learning more about #NOWINCLUDED or sharing their story with us. Jason Scott, who leads the Google for Startups Accelerator: Black Founders program, is still connecting us to people in his network and identifying key opportunities for us months after the program wrapped. He continues to demonstrate that he is invested in seeing us succeed.
Our company has made great progress against our goals, in part thanks to receiving capital from the Google for Startups Black Founders Fund. We received $100K in non-dilutive funding along with Google Cloud credits, Google.org Ads grants, and hands-on support. We used the funds to pay for the transition and development costs associated with moving to Google Cloud. The Google support and accountability has been incredible. After receiving the Google for Startups Black Founders Fund award, we’ve gone on to raise another $1M and moved our cloud from Salesforce to Google Cloud.
We also had the amazing opportunity to be selected as one of six companies to take part in a face-to-face web conference with Sundar Pichai, Google’s CEO. We were thrilled to hear him explain his vision around health equity and the role Google plays. Ultimately, for us, it’s not just about the funding we get, but we are also gratified to receive support from an entity that truly believes in addressing this issue. We know Google is aligned with our mission of health and racial equity.

Championing diversity in clinical trials
Our 2022 looks bright. We expanded our presence to Washington, D.C. as part of the Johnson & Johnson Innovation JLABS ecosystem. We were also selected to take part in the BLUE KNIGHT initiative created between Johnson & Johnson Innovation and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Acclinate is also on track to have contracts with five of the top 25 largest biopharmaceutical companies in the U.S this year. They’ve taken note, as has the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), that the lack of diversity in clinical trials represents a significant health concern—to the extent that the FDA has provided strong guidance for pharmaceutical companies to diversify their clinical trials. At the same time, the industry is also responding to pressure from communities of people of color to make equitable representation a priority.
Today, we are in the fortunate but challenging position to have significant inbound opportunities coming our way. In response, we continue to recruit and hire talented people to join our team. On the technology side, we are happy to be aligned with Google Cloud to have powerful cloud infrastructure that will scale with us, as well as high-caliber champions united in partnership. With people’s lives at stake, we are passionate in our commitment to helping ensure medications do what they are supposed to do: heal and improve the quality of life for everyone who takes them.
Hear Acclinate cofounders Del Smith and Tiffany Whitlow chat with Google’s Head of Startup Developer Ecosystem Jason Scott and fellow Black Founders Fund recipient Bobby Bryant about building on Google Cloud in a recent Google for Startups Instagram Live.
If you want to learn more about how Google Cloud can help your startup, visit our page here to get more information about our program, and sign up for our communications to get a look at our community activities, digital events, special offers, and more
Partnering with Google Cloud is the Key Behind Recent Healthcare Innovations

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It’s simply amazing to witness how some of our systems integrators employ Google Cloud solutions to drive innovation in ways we at Google may never have considered—especially in healthcare. According to analyst firm MarketsandMarkets, the market for the Cloud in healthcare is projected to grow 43% between 2020 and 2025 to nearly $65 billion, fueled by the need for better technology infrastructures and faster digital transformation.
Healthcare and life sciences communities are looking to Google Cloud and its Service engagement model partners to improve collaboration and activate the power of medical data. These transformations deliver robust data analytics and bring a much deeper perspective into health epidemics like COVID-19 to help save lives.
In the healthcare and life sciences industry, our Google Cloud partners and customers provide constant energy and inspiration–and are the magic in some key healthcare innovations globally.
Let me show you how they are solving real-world business challenges.
Improving collaboration in Healthcare
Cloudbakers and Comanche County Memorial Hospital transitioned 2,000 employees to Google Workspace to improve collaboration, reduce costs, and increase security. By implementing a system that requires less maintenance while enabling mobile access to data and true collaboration, Comanche County Memorial Hospital saves $175,000 annually on licenses and helps medical professionals spend more time with patients.
“We chose Google Workspace because it cost a quarter of what we were paying previously, offers the kind of modern features that healthcare facilities need, and gave us data security and peace of mind.” —James Wellman, CIO, Comanche County Memorial Hospital
Accessing previously locked down medical data
Google Cloud and Quantiphi supported advances in cloud-based machine learning services to reduce infrastructure costs, unlock new paths of treatment, and dramatically reduce the amount of time it takes to evaluate scanned imagery following a stroke. John Hopkins University BIOS Division has been working on medical imaging to accelerate insights from scans on approximately 500 patients from 2,500 hours to 90 minutes, and lead to more accurate decision-making for brain injury patients that will ultimately improve medical outcomes.
“We’ve aligned closely with the goal of showing that a cloud-based, AI-driven approach is robust and that it can be performed while protecting personal PHI. In terms of costs, the cloud has definitely reduced some of the traditional financial demands of our research.” —Daniel F. Hanley, Jr., M.D., Director, Johns Hopkins University BIOS Division
Improving data access with the flexibility of Google Cloud
With the help of MediaAgility, TRIARQ migrated to Google Cloud to modernize their platform, build new applications, and expand their global footprint. With BigQuery, TRIARQ can now consolidate all transactional data, past and present, into a single location to report on specific insights and predict future data from e-prescriptions to complex revenue-cycle data and value-base analysis.
“The future of this industry will need to be a global one, and we can no longer be stuck in legacy systems if we want to survive. Having a team that is passionate about supporting us in this journey is definitely a plus point.”—Yaw Kwakye, Co-founder and Chief Architect, TRIARQ
Increasing visibility to COVID-19 outbreaks for actionable insights
As part of its response to the COVID-19 pandemic, HCA Healthcare chose to work with Google Cloud and SADA to create a national portal that increases visibility into outbreaks in 3,100 counties across the country in just 8 weeks. Now, the portal generates 30,000 new analytical views each day that can help inform private and public sector decision making for reopenings, closures, hot spots, and many other population health management activities.
“This project required deep knowledge of AI, and consumer-facing platforms, as well as healthcare. Google brought together the ideal combination of product, people, and partners. Google Cloud’s healthcare-specific products along with SADA’s expertise in the healthcare IT space made this partnership the perfect choice to move quickly and intelligently.”—Dr. Edmund Jackson, Chief Data Officer, HCA Healthcare
We’re committed to building the technology, resources, and services through Partner Advantage to help our partners address this opportunity. Looking for a solution focused partner in your region who has achieved Expertise and/or Specialization in your industry? Search our Global Partner Directory. Not yet a Google Cloud partner? Visit Partner Advantage and learn how to become one today!
Wayfair: Carving the path towards MLOps excellence with Vertex AI

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Editor’s note: In part one of this blog, Wayfair shared how it supports each of its 30 million active customers using machine learning (ML). Wayfair’s Vinay Narayana, Head of ML Engineering, Bas Geerdink, Lead ML Engineer, and Christian Rehm, Senior Machine Learning Engineer, take us on a deeper dive into the ways Wayfair’s data scientists are using Vertex AI to improve model productionization, serving, and operational readiness velocity. The authors would like to thank Hasan Khan, Principal Architect, Google for contributions to this blog.
When Google announced its Vertex AI platform in 2021, the timing coincided perfectly with our search for a comprehensive and reliable AI Platform. Although we’d been working on our migration to Google Cloud over the previous couple of years, we knew that our work wouldn’t be complete once we were in the cloud. We’d simply be ready to take one more step in our workload modernization efforts, and move away from deploying and serving our ML models using legacy infrastructure components that struggle with stability and operational overhead. This has been a crucial part of our journey towards MLOps excellence, in which Vertex AI has proved to be of great support.
Carving the path towards MLOps excellence
Our MLOps vision at Wayfair is to deliver tools that support the collaboration between our internal teams, and enable data scientists to access reliable data while automating data processing, model training, evaluation and validation. Data scientists need autonomy to productionize their models for batch or online serving, and to continuously monitor their data and models in production. Our aim with Vertex AI is to empower data scientists to productionize models and easily monitor and evolve them without depending on engineers. Vertex AI gives us the infrastructure to do this with tools for training, validating, and deploying ML models and pipelines.
Previously, our lack of a comprehensive AI platform resulted in every data science team having to build their own unique model productionization processes on legacy infrastructure components. We also lacked a centralized feature store, which could benefit all ML projects at Wayfair. With this in mind, we chose to focus our initial adoption of the Vertex AI platform on its Feature Store component.
An initial POC confirmed that data scientists can easily get features from the Feature Store for training models, and that it makes it very easy to serve the models for batch or online inference with a single line of code. The Feature Store also automatically manages performance for batch and online requests. These results encouraged us to evaluate the adoption of Vertex AI Pipelines next, as the existing tech for workflow orchestration at Wayfair slowed us down greatly. As it turns out, both of these services are fundamental to several models we build and serve at Wayfair today.
Empowering data scientists to focus on building world-class ML models
Since adopting Vertex AI Feature Store and AI Pipelines, we’ve added a couple of capabilities at Wayfair to significantly improve our user experience and lower the bar to entry for data scientists to leverage Vertex AI and all it has to offer:
- Building a CI/CD and scheduling pipeline
Working with the Google team, we built an efficient CI/CD and scheduling pipeline based on the common tools and best practices at Wayfair and Google. This enables us to release Vertex AI Pipelines to our test and production environments, leveraging cloud-native services.

Keeping in mind that all our code is managed in GitHub Enterprise, we have dedicated repositories for Vertex AI Pipelines where the Kubeflow code and definitions of the Docker images are stored. If a change is pushed to a branch, a build starts in the Buildkite tool automatically. The build contains several steps, including unit and integration tests, code linting, documentation generation and automated deployment. The most important artifacts that are released at the end of the build are the Docker image and the compiled Kubeflow template. The Docker image is released to the Google Cloud Artifact Registry and we store the Kubeflow template in a dedicated Google Cloud Storage Bucket, fully versioned and secured. This way, all the components we need to run a Vertex AI Pipeline are available once we run a pipeline (manually or scheduled).
To schedule pipelines, we developed a dedicated Cloud Function that has the permissions to run the pipeline. This Function listens to a Pub/Sub topic where we can publish messages with a defined schema that indicates which pipeline to run with which parameters. These messages are published from a simple cron job that runs according to a set schedule on Google Kubernetes Engine. This way, we have a decoupled and secure environment for scheduling pipelines, using fully-supported and managed infrastructure.
Abstracting Vertex AI services with a shared library
We abstracted the relevant Vertex AI services currently in use with a thin shared Python library to support the teams that develop new software or migrate to Vertex AI. This library, called wf-vertex, contains helper methods, examples, and documentation for working with Vertex AI, as well as guidelines for Vertex AI Feature Store, Pipelines, and Artifact Registry.
One example is the run_pipeline method, which publishes a message with the correct schema to the Pub/Sub topic so that a Vertex AI pipeline is executed. When scheduling a pipeline, the developer only needs to call this method without having to worry about security or infrastructure configuration:
@cli.command()
def trigger_pipeline() -> None:
from wf_vertex.pipelines.pipeline_runner import run_pipeline
run_pipeline(
template_bucket= f"wf-vertex-pipelines-{env}/{TEAM}", # this is the location of the template, where the CI/CD has written the compiled templates to
template_filename="sample_pipeline.json", # this is the filename of the pipeline template to run
parameter_values= {"import_date": today()} # it’s possible to add pipeline parameters
)Most notable is the establishment of a documented best practice for enabling hyperparameter tuning in Vertex AI Pipelines, which speeds up hyperparameter tuning times for our data scientists from two weeks to under one hour.
Because it is not yet possible to combine the outputs of parallel steps (components) in Kubeflow, we designed a mechanism to enable this. It entails defining parameters at runtime and executing the resulting steps in parallel via the Kubeflow parallel-for operator. Finally, we created a step to combine the results of these parallel steps and interpret the results. In turn, this mechanism allows us to select the best model in terms of accuracy from a set of candidates that are trained in parallel:

Our CI/CD, scheduling pipelines, and shared library have reduced the effort of model productionization from more than three months to about four weeks. As we continue to build the shared library, and as our team members continue to gain expertise in using Vertex AI, we expect to further reduce this time to two weeks by the end of 2022.
Looking forward to more MLOps capabilities
Looking ahead, our goal is to fully leverage all the Vertex AI features to continue modernizing our MLOps stack to a point where data scientists are fully autonomous from engineers for any of their model productionization efforts. Next on our radar are Vertex AI Model Registry and Vertex ML Metadata alongside making more use of AutoML capabilities. We’re experimenting with Vertex AI for AutoML models and endpoints to benefit some use cases at Wayfair next to the custom models that we’re currently serving in production.
We’re confident that our MLOps transformation will introduce several capabilities to our team, including: automated data and model monitoring steps to the pipeline, as well as metadata management, and architectural patterns in support of real-time models requiring access to Wayfair’s network. We also look forward to performing continuous training of models by fully automating the ML pipeline that allows us to achieve continuous integration, delivery, and deployment of model prediction services.
We’ll continue to collaborate and invest in building a robust Wayfair-focused Vertex AI shared library. The aim is to eventually migrate 100% of our batch models to Vertex AI. Great things to look forward to on our journey towards MLOps excellence.
Google Cloud Featured at TechCrunch Disrupt 2021

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Startups need to move quickly and focus their limited resources on areas where they can differentiate. If infrastructure isn’t your differentiator, don’t put a lot of energy into your infrastructure when someone else can do it for you. What’s more, time-to-market matters to startups more now than ever. Successful early stage companies know this, and leverage existing tools, libraries, frameworks and innovations whenever possible.
Next week Google Cloud will be featured at TechCrunch Disrupt, the iconic annual event where “founders and investors shaping the future of disruptive technology” come together to share stories, network, and learn from each other. Google Cloud will host a session and Google Cloud engineers will be available in a virtual booth to answer startup questions.
The session, “Demo Derby – How startups are disrupting the status quo with innovative data analytics, AI and modern app development” will be a fun, fast-paced set of presentations showing short demos of startups and startup projects built with Google Cloud.
Demo Derby Presenters
- Andrea Le Vot, Chief Data Protection Officer with startup BlueZoo will deliver a demo showing how they are revolutionizing the property insurance industry with AI and Cloud – and doing so while actually protecting people’s privacy.
- Dale Markowitz and Zack Akil, Applied AI Engineers, will show how easy it is to use AI for everything from video search to editing to automated translation.
- Vidya Nagarajan, Group Product Manager from Google Cloud will deliver a fast paced demo that shows how startups can drive developer productivity with serverless innovations.
“Disrupt is iconic for its engagement with founders, investors, and the broad community of early stage companies,” said Andrea Le Vot, Chief Data Protection Officer at BlueZoo. “We are thrilled to share our insights with others in our community, and to show how we have partnered with Google Cloud to innovate faster than most of the larger, well funded insurance companies in our market.”
The series of snippet sized demos will be followed by a roundtable discussion with the demo developers focused on lessons learned, best practices, how to reduce time-to-market, and how to focus on where you can most effectively differentiate.
The session will air on Day One of the event: Tuesday September 21, 2021 at 1pm PT and will be available on demand after the event for all Disrupt attendees.
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