Learn About Kf: How it Helps Move Existing Cloud Foundry Workloads to Kubernetes

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While many companies are writing brand-new Kubernetes-based applications, it’s still quite common to find companies who want to migrate existing workloads. A common source platform for these applications is Cloud Foundry. However, getting an existing Cloud Foundry application running on Kubernetes can be non-trivial, especially if you want to avoid making code changes in your applications, or taking on big process changes across teams. That is, if you’re not using Kf to do a lot of that heavy lifting for you.
Kf is a Google Cloud service that allows you to easily move existing Cloud Foundry workloads to Kubernetes with minimal disruption to your existing processes.
Kf features a command line interface (CLI) also named kf, that replaces the existing Cloud Foundry cf command line utility. The kf CLI implements the most commonly used cf functionality, including the ability to manage bindings, services, apps, routes and more.
For example, to deploy an existing application you would simply issue the kf push command.
On the server side Kf is built on several open source technologies. In some cases these technologies are also the Google Cloud implementation. For instance GKE is our managed Kubernetes offering, and provides the platform for managing and running the applications. Routing and ingress is handled by Anthos Service Mesh, Google Cloud’s managed Istio-based service mesh. Finally, Tekton provides on-cluster build functionality for Kf. Developers don’t have to worry about any of those technologies, as Kf abstracts them away.
Kf primitives such as spaces, bindings and services are implemented as custom Kubernetes resources and controllers. The custom resources effectively serve as the Kf API and are used by the kf CLI to interact with the system. The controllers use Kf’s CRDs to orchestrate the other components in the system.
The beauty of this approach is that developers who are familiar with existing workflows can largely replicate those workflows with the kf CLI. On the other hand, platform operators who are more familiar with Kubernetes can use kubectl to interact with the CRDs and controllers.
For instance if you wanted to list the apps running on your Kf cluster you could issue either of the following commands:
kf appskubectl get apps -n space-name
Notice that CF / Kf spaces get mapped one to one to Kubernetes namespaces.
To get a list of all the custom resources you can examine the api-resources in the kf.dev API group.
kubectl api-resources --api-group=kf.devNAME SHORTNAMES APIGROUP NAMESPACED KINDapps kf.dev true Appbuilds kf.dev true Buildclusterservicebrokers kf.dev false ClusterServiceBrokerroutes kf.dev true Routeservicebrokers kf.dev true ServiceBrokerserviceinstancebindings kf.dev true ServiceInstanceBindingserviceinstances kf.dev true ServiceInstancespaces kf.dev false Space
With Kf developers can continue to work with a familiar interface and platform operators can use declarative Kubernetes practices and tooling such as Anthos Config Management to manage the cluster. It’s really the best of both worlds if you’re looking to manage your existing Cloud Foundry applications on Kubernetes.
If you’d like to learn more about Kf check out the video I just released on YouTube. It reviews some of the concepts discussed here, and includes a short demo. If you’d like to get hands on, try the quick start. And, of course, you can always read the documentation.

Microservices Done Right: How Indian Businesses Can Build a Highly Scalable Business
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Microservices represent a new form of API-based application architecture that enables enterprises to leverage continuous iteration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) tools and processes within containerized architectures and PaaS.
Nearly 70% of organizations are either using or investigating microservices, and nearly one-third are using them in production.
These are powerful techniques popularized by many companies, including Amazon, Netflix, and Airbnb. Amazon championed the approach and proved it to be useful in ensuring effective communication within teams and enabling the company to deploy code to production hundreds of times of day two.
At Netflix, one of the earliest adopters of microservices, roughly 30 independent teams have delivered over 500 microservices.
However, companies have struggled with security, with a lack of visibility into usage and performance of the microservices APIs, and with building agile microservices for clean reuse.
Their challenges include bolstering security in a zero-trust environment, ensuring compliance, providing transparent control to mitigate risk, improving the developer experience, and encouraging and increasing microservices reuse.
Managed microservices are the solution; companies are making strategic investments in API management platforms for their microservices success. All microservices have APIs and enterprises need to manage their microservices in the same way as they manage APIs.
Rapido: Finding the Quickest Route to Success with Google Maps Platform

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Founded in 2015, Rapido operates a mobile app-based two-wheeler taxi service across more than 40 cities in India. More than 100,000 drivers provide Rapido two-wheeler taxi services, while more than 400,000 current or prospective drivers have downloaded the company’s app. Consumers have downloaded the app more than 5 million times, and the business receives about 5 million orders per month for taxi services.
“If a consumer wants to travel from point A to point B, they simply open up the app on their smartphone, select pickup and dropoff locations, and tap ‘request,'” explains Rishikesh SR, Co-Founder, Rapido. “We can track that request to the nearest available two-wheeler taxi and allocate the job to the right driver.”
Google a compelling opportunity
The business started operations on a cloud service. However, Google presented a compelling opportunity to Rapido to improve its location-based intelligence through a wide range of cloud-based map APIs, infrastructure, and mobile app development services. “Google Maps Platform was particularly interesting to our business and we saw enormous potential to use it to improve our service and gain a competitive edge,” says Rishikesh.
Rapido elected to use Geocoding API to enable its app to convert addresses to geographic coordinates, and the reverse, allowing consumers to identify point A and point B on their journey. The company also uses Directions API to identify the fastest route between pickup and dropoff locations, which enables Rapido to provide users with approximate prices for trips. Distance Matrix API is used to calculate the travel times and distances between locations, and Maps SDKs for Android and iOS to add interactive maps to the app.
Google Cloud Results
- Enables the business to optimize use of Maps Platform APIs
- Takes 5 million orders per month
- Establishes a robust platform for expansion
“Google Maps Platform is particularly useful for us as it identifies optimum routes for two-wheel services,” says Rishikesh. “This saves us time and money, while helping us deliver a better consumer experience.”
In addition, Rapido uses the Snap to Roads service to deliver best-fit geometry for sets of GPS coordinates within the Roads API, which identifies and provides metadata about the roads on which drivers travel. “Snap to Roads in Roads API allows us to optimize the path drivers take and helps ensure the fare charged is accurate,” says Rishikesh.
Improving user experiences
As Rapido matured, Rishikesh considered how to improve the user experience of the app while reducing the business’ costs. In 2017, Rapido asked Google Cloud Premier Partner and Google Maps Platform Partner Searce to help meet these objectives. Searce provided the technical and business advice that prompted Rapido to take advantage of the unlimited API calls, 24-hours-a-day, 7-days-a-week support, and strict SLAs available through the Google Maps APIs Premium Plan for Asset Tracking.
Searce also helped Rapido optimize its API calls and integrate directions and distance calls with the Roads API to smooth out variations in GPS readings received from the handsets of two-wheeler taxi owners. Finally, Searce helped Rapido deploy the Firebase mobile and web development platform to automate the mode configuration of the API keys, rather than maintain a time-consuming manual process. This move also minimized the likelihood of any issues arising if Rapido decided to start multiple projects or add more licenses, or combine Google Maps APIs Premium Plan for Asset Tracking with an external license.
Technical skill and experience
Searce finalized its initial engagement with Rapido last year and provides ongoing support and advice. “Searce’s technical skill with Google Maps Platform put us on the right path to provide a better, more relevant user experience,” says Rishikesh.
Rapido also now uses a range of Firebase services for app development, testing, and modification. The business employs Google Analytics for Firebase to measure customer use of and engagement with its app, enabling the business to make informed decisions about where to direct its resources. In addition, the business is using the Firebase Test Lab app-testing infrastructure to test its Android and iOS apps across a range of device configurations, view the outcomes, and make changes as needed.
Rapido uses Firebase Remote Config to change the app’s behavior and appearance on the fly in response to the results of A/B testing across sections of its user base. Furthermore, Rapido uses Firebase Crashlytics to provide app crash reports to its Firebase console.
Firebase Dynamic Links allows Rapido to direct users to linked content in the iOS or Android version of the app, while Firebase Cloud Messaging enables Rapido to deliver notifications and other messages to users. Cloud Firestore provides a NoSQL cloud database to store and sync data for the Rapido app.
Rapido has also started using the Firebase Realtime Database to store and sync information about customers that can be used to provide a more informed, personalized service.
At the same time, Rapido uses a BigQuery data warehouse to process about 10TB of data every month for analysis and reporting that supports decision-making across the business. The organization is also using application containerization through Google Kubernetes Engine on Google Cloud Platform.
“We are moving our apps from dedicated virtual machines to a scalable containerized environment that consumes fewer resources,” says Rishikesh. “It makes sense to work with Google – the business that designed the Kubernetes container-orchestration system.”
Rapido has also started using the Cloud Functions event-driven serverless compute platform to process smaller jobs. “This is ideal for small use cases in particular as we do not have to spin up virtual machine instances,” says Rishikesh.
Finally, Rapido is using image classification through the Vision AI service to analyze riders’ documentation, such as driving licenses. This allows the business to verify details such as names, addresses, and expiry dates with more than 90 percent accuracy – a high rate in a country where each state has its own license template.
Expanding rapidly to new cities
The Rapido app enables drivers to pick up customers quickly – in most cases, between 2 and 5 minutes.
Overall, the high-quality experience for consumers and drivers delivered by Google Maps Platform, combined with Firebase, has helped power Rapido to robust growth. The business now takes more than 5 million orders per month.
“With Google, we are delivering the right experience to users through Google Maps Platform, Firebase, and Google Cloud Platform services,” concludes Rishikesh. “We have realized our vision faster and now have a robust platform to grow in the future.”
Start-up Paves Way for More Inclusive Clinical Research: Honoring Black Founders of Acclinate with Google Cloud

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Editor’s note: February is Black History Month—a time for us to come together to celebrate the diverse set of experiences, perspectives and identities that make up the Black experience. Over the next few weeks, we will highlight Black-led startups and how they use Google Cloud to grow their businesses. Today’s feature highlights Acclinate and its founders, Del and Tiffany.
As patients, as caregivers, and as parents taking our own children to the doctor, we want recommended medications to be safe and effective. It’s a right everyone deserves.
It’s known that certain medications don’t work in the same way in all populations. For example, Albuterol, a medication often prescribed for asthma, is less effective in 67% of all Puerto Ricans and 47% of Black Americans. These problems—which can have deadly consequences—result from historically limited diversity in pharmaceutical clinical trials.
We founded our startup Acclinate to integrate culture and technology to achieve more inclusive clinical research. Help pharmaceutical companies and healthcare organizations access and engage communities of color so research is more inclusive.

Bridging the health equity gap by building trust
It’s important that health research organizations access and engage communities of color so their efforts reflect all the people they serve. Take a disease like diabetes, which affects a significantly higher proportion of Black Americans. When you look at even recent clinical trials for diabetic drugs, the representation of Black Americans among participants is only in the low single digits, despite comprising 13 percent of the U.S. population and more than 40 percent of diabetes patients in this country. Industry leaders have been aware of the lack of diversity issue, but some have chosen to ignore it or brush it aside. The biggest problem, in our opinion, is that there have been no penalties for not achieving higher diversity figures in clinical trials, and only minor financial repercussions to pharma/biotech companies when their treatments either do not work across all groups once approved, or there is a lack of uptake by all groups due to the lack of testing in those groups. The lack of clinical trial diversity has adversely impacted the reputation of the industry and the ability to recruit diverse populations in the future.
Acclinate integrates culture and technology to promote diverse patient representation in medical research. Our approach is not transactional. We build trust through our #NOWINCLUDED community, which is an ongoing, ever-expanding digital platform that educates and engages with communities of color on health issues.
#NOWINCLUDED includes a website app, and social media presence where members can learn information about diseases, particularly those with greater negative impacts on people of color, such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Members can share stories and ask questions. By providing access to trusted resources about these health issues and the latest clinical research, we empower Black people to take control of their health and consider participating in research that is shaping the future of healthcare.
For healthcare-related organizations, we offer the opportunity to better understand the attitudes, aspirations, and unmet needs of underrepresented minority communities. Data from #NOWINCLUDED feeds our HIPAA-compliant SaaS platform, e-DICT™ (Enhanced Diversity in Clinical Trials), which uses predictive analytics and machine learning to identify individuals matching the requirements and most likely to be receptive to participation in a particular clinical trial.
Acclinate scales its platform with Google Cloud
We rely on Google Cloud services, including Vertex AI, to know whom to ask, when to ask, and how to ask for clinical trial participation. With Vertex AI, we enjoy a unified platform for developing our artificial intelligence models, including tools for preparing and storing our datasets. We can easily train and compare models using AutoML, which requires minimal ML expertise or effort with its intuitive graphical interface. This allows us to leverage more than ten ordinal and categorical data points to determine in real time a community member’s likelihood to enroll, which we call our Participation Probability Index (PPI). Our models evolve in an iterative process the more we interact with, and learn about, our community members.
We follow the pay-per-use Google Cloud Platform architecture model using serverless technology, which helps reduce infrastructure management costs and lets us focus on product development and engaging with communities across the U.S.
CloudSQL, a fully managed relational database service, integrates easily with BigQuery so we can glean insights for our clients in real time, all with Google Cloud’s robust security, governance, and reliability controls. Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) gives us scalable and flexible networking for our cloud-based resources and services. We also use Identity and Access Management (IAM) to simplify oversight of Google Cloud resource permissions for different user groups and roles, with appropriate security protections.
API Gateway manages our APIs using Cloud Functions, which both use consumption-based pricing, plus give our developers consistent and highly secure access to our services through a well-defined REST API. We use Memorystore for Redis to reduce platform latency. This is done with a fully managed service powered by the Redis in-memory data store, which builds application caches for fast data access. All of this comes together to provide an outstanding experience for our platform’s users and contributors.
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Expanding influence with the Google for Startups Accelerator for Black Founders
Three months of one-on-one Google support and mentorship as part of the most recent Google for Startups Accelerator : Black Founders cohort not only helped us build our product, but also helped us earn external credibility. People use Google every day, so whether we’re trying to engage in conversations with industry experts or with somebody in a rural community, it is helpful to have the buy-in of a globally-recognized brand as we take on a historically difficult, systemic issue with challenges around trust. Getting access to the products, best practices, and people we need to build and grow through the Accelerator program has been priceless. For example, working with the Google AdWords team helped us generate important traffic from people interested in learning more about #NOWINCLUDED or sharing their story with us. Jason Scott, who leads the Google for Startups Accelerator: Black Founders program, is still connecting us to people in his network and identifying key opportunities for us months after the program wrapped. He continues to demonstrate that he is invested in seeing us succeed.
Our company has made great progress against our goals, in part thanks to receiving capital from the Google for Startups Black Founders Fund. We received $100K in non-dilutive funding along with Google Cloud credits, Google.org Ads grants, and hands-on support. We used the funds to pay for the transition and development costs associated with moving to Google Cloud. The Google support and accountability has been incredible. After receiving the Google for Startups Black Founders Fund award, we’ve gone on to raise another $1M and moved our cloud from Salesforce to Google Cloud.
We also had the amazing opportunity to be selected as one of six companies to take part in a face-to-face web conference with Sundar Pichai, Google’s CEO. We were thrilled to hear him explain his vision around health equity and the role Google plays. Ultimately, for us, it’s not just about the funding we get, but we are also gratified to receive support from an entity that truly believes in addressing this issue. We know Google is aligned with our mission of health and racial equity.

Championing diversity in clinical trials
Our 2022 looks bright. We expanded our presence to Washington, D.C. as part of the Johnson & Johnson Innovation JLABS ecosystem. We were also selected to take part in the BLUE KNIGHT initiative created between Johnson & Johnson Innovation and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Acclinate is also on track to have contracts with five of the top 25 largest biopharmaceutical companies in the U.S this year. They’ve taken note, as has the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), that the lack of diversity in clinical trials represents a significant health concern—to the extent that the FDA has provided strong guidance for pharmaceutical companies to diversify their clinical trials. At the same time, the industry is also responding to pressure from communities of people of color to make equitable representation a priority.
Today, we are in the fortunate but challenging position to have significant inbound opportunities coming our way. In response, we continue to recruit and hire talented people to join our team. On the technology side, we are happy to be aligned with Google Cloud to have powerful cloud infrastructure that will scale with us, as well as high-caliber champions united in partnership. With people’s lives at stake, we are passionate in our commitment to helping ensure medications do what they are supposed to do: heal and improve the quality of life for everyone who takes them.
Hear Acclinate cofounders Del Smith and Tiffany Whitlow chat with Google’s Head of Startup Developer Ecosystem Jason Scott and fellow Black Founders Fund recipient Bobby Bryant about building on Google Cloud in a recent Google for Startups Instagram Live.
If you want to learn more about how Google Cloud can help your startup, visit our page here to get more information about our program, and sign up for our communications to get a look at our community activities, digital events, special offers, and more
Custom Voice Feature Can Help Brands Tweak IVR for Better Customer Experiences

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With the rise of digital assistants and conversational interfaces, people have grown accustomed to hearing and speaking to synthetic voices. But what do those voices sound like? Often, pretty repetitive. We’re all familiar with the Google Assistant voice, for example.
That’s why we are excited to announce the general availability of Custom Voice in our Cloud Text-to-Speech (TTS) API, a new feature that lets you train custom voice models with your own audio recordings to create unique experiences.
For businesses looking to build a strong brand identity, establishing a unique voice can help turn mobile app interactions or customer service based on interactive voice responses (IVR) into differentiated customer experiences. Our TTS API has included a speech synthesis service with a static list of voices for some time, but now, with Custom Voice, moving beyond these predefined options is easier than ever.
Custom Voice lets you simply submit your audio recordings to get access to the new voice directly in the TTS API. Custom Voice TTS includes guidance on the audio requirements to help make sure you generate a high quality custom TTS voice model. Once this new model is trained, all you have to do to start using the newly trained voice is reference the model ID in your calls to the Cloud TTS API.
At Google, we are committed to building safe and accountable AI products, not only because it’s the right thing to do, but because it is a critical step in ensuring successful use in production. As part of Google Cloud’s Responsible AI governance process, we conducted a deep ethical evaluation of Custom Voice TTS, and its relation to synthetic media, in order to surface and mitigate potential harms that it may create. If you are interested in Custom Voice TTS, there is a review process to help ensure each use case is aligned with our AI Principles and adequate voice actor consent is given.
Additionally, to verify that voice actors are actually the ones producing the audio, you will need to submit an audio file producing a sentence that Google Cloud chooses (for example: “I agree that my voice will be used to create a synthetic custom Text-to-Speech voice).
We’re looking forward to seeing this API help businesses solve problems in an easy, fast, and scalable way. TTS Custom Voice is now GA in these languages:
English (US)
English (AU)
English (UK)
Spanish (US)
Spanish (Spain)
French (France)
French (Canada)
Italian (Italy)
German (Germany)
Portugues (Brazil)
Japanese (Japan)
We plan to continue expanding this lineup in order to meet your needs. Ready to try for yourself? Contact your seller to get started on your use case evaluation today!
Transport Platform’s Richly-detailed Geospatial Data Allows Commuters to Track Buses in Real-time!

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Vinayak Bhavnani, Co-Founder and CTO of India-based bus transport technology company Chalo, shares how Google Maps Platform is used to improve visibility for commuters and bus operators across India by visualizing geospatial data.
Effective public transport networks contribute to the local economy and help make cities safe, pleasant, and sustainable. In India, buses make up around 90% of the public transport offering, but when you talk to the people who ride them every day, you find that there’s a lot of room for improvement. Heavy traffic means there are rarely any fixed schedules and it’s impossible to know exactly when your bus is coming. We’ve found that people tend to wait at a bus stop for up to 30 minutes a day, which creates a lot of frustration and wasted time.
When we founded Chalo, our aim was to make the daily city commute a more positive experience. Reliability is synonymous with visibility: when you know exactly when the bus is coming, you can plan your day better. If you’re in your office, for example, and see the next bus is in 10 minutes, you can be at the stop at the exact time it arrives, instead of waiting around. To enable this, we base our solutions on richly-detailed geospatial data provided by Google Maps Platform.
Eliminating wait times and increasing revenue with geospatial data
In India, bus passengers tend to have fewer resources. The Chalo App, which can be downloaded for free, allows them to see exactly where their bus is on its route and when it will arrive at their nearest stop. They also tend to be late adopters of mobile technology, meaning we had to create an interface that was user-friendly, reassuring and adapted to all age groups and backgrounds. One of the main reasons we opted for Google Maps Platform is that it’s very present in India and other emerging markets and is familiar to our users, which inspires trust. At the same time, we like the fact that Google Maps Platform provides rich geospatial data while being simple to implement and work with. We use the Geocoding API, Reverse Geocoding, and the Directions API to enable location search and provide directions.
We also worked with MediaAgility to identify the Google Maps Platform products most suited to our needs and the best practices to be followed. This helped to ensure that our business objectives could be met efficiently.
The Chalo App also enables digital ticketing, alongside the Chalo Card, a payment card for those who don’t own a smartphone. India, like the rest of the world, is gradually moving away from cash payments, but the public transport system is proving slow to catch up, meaning people still must have cash in hand when they board the bus. Digital ticketing not only makes commuting more convenient, it also helps protect passengers, drivers and conductors during the COVID-19 health crisis by limiting physical contact.
Chalo also offers solutions aimed at bus operators that help them improve their services and their bottom line. In major Indian cities, buses are run by a combination of public and private agencies and small private individual bus operators, with the majority of the latter only operating one or two buses. The market is very fragmented and there’s not much incentive for bus operators to invest in infrastructure or customer experience – especially when they have little to no visibility on where their fleet is at a given time, how many kilometers it travels in a day, or how much money it takes.
The Chalo dashboard provides operators with a map-based real-time overview of bus locations, alongside scheduling features and route, ticketing, and passenger statistics. Geospatial intelligence and insight into passenger demand enable operators to explore new avenues of revenue and adapt routes and services to passenger needs. Operators who’ve partnered with Chalo report an average improvement of 10% to 30% of their bus fleet operations.
Chalo is currently powering about 100 million rides a month on 15,000 buses in 37 cities. We’d like to see the number of rides increase tenfold over the next few years. To do that, we’re looking to broaden our offer and expand to other parts of the country and across international borders. A pilot is underway in Bangkok, and we’re considering expansion into South-East Asia, Africa, and the Middle East. Having access to detailed geospatial data anywhere in the world via Google Maps Platform, without having to make any major investments or changes to our technology stack, will make this considerably easier.
At the same time, we’re exploring artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve the accuracy of our scheduling features and we’re introducing video-based solutions for people-counting on buses. Our aim is to continually improve our offering and optimize our services. We’re looking forward to working closely with Google to make that happen.
For more information on Google Maps Platform, visit our website.
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