Headless e-Commerce is the Next Big Thing in Retail

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Headless Ecommerce
In the last couple of years there has been a shift in the way retailers approach ecommerce: where in the past development efforts were prioritized around building a solid foundation for backend transactions and operations now it is clear that companies in this space are focusing on differentiating themselves by creating unique shopping experiences that increase engagement and reduce friction.
But how can development teams spend the necessary time designing and writing code for this kind of interactions while also having to seamlessly maintain ecommerce vital components like online catalogs, shopping carts and checkout payment processes? Enter headless commerce.
Headless commerce (HC) helps companies of all sizes to innovate, develop and launch in less time and using fewer resources by decoupling backend and frontend. Headless solution providers empower online retailers by offering a balance between flexibility and optimization through pre-built api-accessible modules and components that can be easily plugged into their frontend architecture. This translates into rapid development while keeping desired levels of security, compliance, integration and responsiveness.
This composable approach enables dev teams not only to create new features but also connect other ecommerce components with less effort which is critical when responding to business trends. But above all, the main benefit retailers receive from HC, is owning and controlling the frontend for an engaging customer journey as well as quickly launching new experiences.
Google Cloud + commercetools
commercetools, a leader in the headless commerce space, has partnered with Google Cloud to make their cloud-native SaaS platform available in the Google Cloud Marketplace. With a flexible API system (REST API and GraphQL), commercetools’ architecture has been designed to meet the needs of demanding omnichannel ecommerce projects while offering real flexibility to modify or extend its features. It supports a variety of storefront providers like Vue Storefront, offers a large set of integrations and supports microservice-based architectures. All this while providing access to multiple programming languages (PHP, JS, Java) via its SDK tools.
commercetools and Google Cloud provide development teams with all the tools to build high-quality digital commerce systems. Google Cloud’s scalability, AI/ML components, API management capabilities and CI/CD tools are a perfect fit to build frontend shopping experiences that easily integrate with the commercetools stack. Developers can take advantage of this compatibility by:
- Integrating systems with Google’s Retail Search, Recommendations AI and Vision Product Search
- Injecting serverless functions into commercetools using Google Cloud Functions
- Extending and integrating commercetools via Events handled by Pub/Sub
- Managing 3rd party, legacy, microservices and commercetools APIs with Apigee
- Selecting the Google Cloud region commercetools uses for zero latency for custom apps
- Expanding their microservice ecosystem with components like Cloud Storage, Cloud SQL, Firestore and BigQuery
Additionally, commercetools allows ecommerce solutions to tap into the wider Google Ecosystem by providing authoritative data via Merchant Center, advertising via product listing ads and selling via Google Shopping.
Architecture Overview
As mentioned previously, headless commerce is increasingly preferred by retailers who want to own and control the ‘front-end’ for providing and enabling an engaging and differentiated user and shopping experiences.
The approach involves a loosely coupled architecture that separates ‘front end’ from the ‘back end’ of a digital commerce application. The front end is typically built and managed by the retailer. They want to leverage an independent software vendor (ISV) offered, ready-to-use ‘back-end’ commerce building blocks for capabilities, such as product catalog, pricing, promotions, cart, shipping, account and others.

Most retailers want to invest their time and resources in building a front end that requires an agile development model to introduce new and tweaking existing user experiences to acquire and retain customers. A few retailers that do not have an in-house web development team may choose an ISV that offers ready to use front end. The front end is a web app and designed as a progressive web application (PWA) on Google Cloud. The backend is a headless commerce offered by an ISV, such as commercetools. The backend commerce capabilities are built as a set of microservices, exposed as APIs, run cloud-native and implemented as headless. It is commonly referred to as the “MACH” solution. The API-first approach of the architecture allows easily integrating ‘best of breed’ capabilities built internally and/or offered by 3rd party ISVs.
Leveraging Google Cloud Components
The architecture of the front end will be implemented on Google Cloud and will integrate with the ISV’s headless commerce back end that runs natively in Google Cloud.
The front end will be designed using cloud-native services for
- PWA web app development (Google Kubernetes Engine, CI/CD services),
- Google Product Discovery solution that includes Retail Search and Vision API Product Search for serving product search (text and image) and Recommendations AI for serving recommendations.
- Storage (Cloud Storage), Database (Cloud SQL, Cloud Firestore), and edge caching for content delivery (Cloud CDN)
- Networking (Cloud DNS, Global Load Balancing), and
- Security (Cloud Armor for DDoS, API Defense for API protection)
Additionally, API management (Apigee on Google Cloud) can be used to orchestrate interactions of the front end with the APIs of the backend commerce services. The API management’s capability will be used for accessing the services of on-premises systems, such as ERP, order management system (OMS), warehouse management system (WMS) as needed to support the functioning of digital commerce application. Alternatively, depending on the frontend capabilities, developers can use middleware to build custom services and route requests.
What’s next?
A considerable number of retailers have adopted headless commerce and are now focusing on adopting best practices and leveraging the agility that comes with this approach. Just like commercetools offers robust components that meet the retailer’s backend operational needs (Product Catalog, Order Management, Carts, Payments, etc), Google Cloud’s Compute, Networking, Severless and AI/ML services provide the agility and flexibility required by development teams to quickly and easily extend their frontend capabilities.
commercetools and Google Cloud work seamlessly together because they both prioritize ease of integration, scalability, security and iterability while providing ready-to-use building blocks. It also helps that commercetools backend runs on Google Cloud. Once an initial foundation of Google Cloud and commercetools has been established, adding new commerce modules and extending functionally of the current ones becomes a straightforward process that allows to route efforts to innovation initiatives. In the end, the main beneficiaries of this technical synergy are the shoppers that enjoy experiences which increase engagement and minimize friction.
Alternatively, retailers can also save time and resources by relying on frontend integrations. commercetools offers a variety of third-party solutions that can effortlessly be added to a headless commerce architecture. These integrations as well as other important headless commerce extensions will be explored in future blog entries. In the meantime, all the necessary tools to leverage headless commerce can be found in just one place:
Get started with commercetools on the Google Cloud Marketplace today!
How TapClicks’ Google Cloud Migration Makes Life Easy for Marketers

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Editor’s note: In this blog post we learn how TapClicks migrated to Google Cloud to offer their marketing customers a unified platform for data management, operations, insights, and analysis.
TapClicks is a smart marketing cloud, powered by data, that unifies our customer’s marketing. By choosing to migrate our core applications last year to Google Cloud, we cut costs, solved data-sharing concerns for our customers, and opened our stack up to a new ecosystem of possibilities.
The core problem that we’re solving for our customers is how to manage their marketing infrastructures data and operations. Life isn’t easy for marketers now. There are 7,000 different vendors servicing this space today – creating much complexity between digital agencies, media, and brands. Marketers face challenges in navigating all of these systems, logging in and out, understanding pacing goals, and managing the flow of marketing data so they can analyze and report internally as well as to their clients at scale.
We unify omnichannel campaign data (250 API connectors and 6000 Smart Connectors ™ ) from a plethora of marketing sources on an automated data warehousing solution, creating simplicity for organizations. Over 4,000 agencies, media companies, and brands use our Marketing Operations and Data Management Platform, which imports data at scale and creates an automatic data warehouse on Google Cloud. Teams can also leverage TapClicks, like our world class Facebook connector, to import data directly into Google Data Studios. Beyond importing and storing, we also provide data exporting to other Google solutions like Google Data Studio and Google Sheets. We also create interactive dashboards that let stakeholders and clients analyze their data, as well as automated, multi-channel reports that go out to clients at specified times. So channel comparisons, optimizations, attribution, and calculations are easily performed. Some of our customers are able to generate hundreds of thousands of individual reports and dashboards for their clients.
Although we may be best known for our reporting and analytics, we also empower teams managing the marketing operations workflow from customers and internal stakeholders, especially at scale. Our user-friendly, configurable system helps manage their orders and campaigns. Through automation of this process, we deliver tremendous amounts of efficiency, time saving, cost savings, and reduction of errors. The combination of these solutions makes up our unified platform, with additional capabilities like marketing intelligence that offers competitive and brand-level analysis. This is a disruptive solution in use by all leading media companies, agencies and many brands.
Partnering for possibilities
We faced a few challenges with our original tech stack, which included a mix of the leader in web services revenue, leaders in high performance data warehousing, as well as vendors on bare metal servers.
- One challenge was around costs, which were growing.
- Second, many of our customers work with multiple brands, and are very hesitant to share their data with the leader in web services, who’s often viewed as their competitor.
- Third, these vendors are more focused on their own revenue rather than a true long term partnership that would enable their customers to enjoy similar success as they have experienced.
When looking at other cloud providers, Google Cloud emerged for us as the front runner. They were competitive on costs, and their native Kubernetes support was superior— a big selling point for our DevOps team. There’s also a movement in the marketing and advertising industry away from AWS toward Google Cloud because of the data-sharing concern. Finally, most of our customers are already using Google Cloud tools, so there’s brand recognition and familiarity there, and easier integrations with their own systems.
Migrating to Google Cloud
Our migration, which took about five months, involved moving a significant chunk of our infrastructure, including our core applications, using Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE). In our legacy architecture, each of our clients was assigned to one of our virtual machines (VMs), and there was a lot of unused capacity because we had to provision for the max usage. We appreciated GKE’s cloud native capabilities, especially autoscaling, a huge benefit for our web application. We have varying usage patterns during the day, and though our application is mostly used during business hours, there are also days in the month of higher usage, and autoscaling saves us time and costs. GKE also makes deployments much easier, and we anticipate a lot of benefits there for our developer environments. We’ve moved some of our microservices into GKE and plan to move more in the future. All in all, we were able to migrate our core products and the bulk of our AWS spend successfully to Google Cloud.
We also moved from our other vendors Relational Database Service (RDS) to running MySQL on our own VMs on Google Cloud, which gives us more flexibility in terms of settings and fine tuning. We’re still trying to find the best mix as we’re modernizing our infrastructure, and we took this opportunity to migrate from MySQL 5.7 to 8.0.
Our next stage is exploring more of the capabilities and services of Google Cloud, including BigQuery, which we’re considering for our own data warehouse. The fact that we could also run Snowflake on Google Cloud, if needed, was another selling point for our migration.
We’re especially interested in BigQuery ML’s machine learning and natural language processing capabilities, which enabled better predictive insights. Our customers want insights from their campaigns— which are working, which are paying off, where should they invest next? Using our platform, they’re looking not only to generate reporting, but also identify opportunities to improve campaign performance. We plan to use AI and ML to improve those capabilities, so that our customers can seamlessly unlock insight and intelligence from their marketing data and campaigns.
Double-clicking on Google Cloud
For us, being able to deeply leverage and partner with Google Cloud to deliver those solutions on a single stack is critical, and we think our customers will love it. We see TapClicks and Google Cloud partnering at a level beyond what you typically see in a cloud provider relationship. Already, fifty percent of our company is working with various Google Cloud solutions, and we envision TapClicks and Google Cloud as extensions of each other, providing a single, powerful platform solution.
Google Cloud understands the partnership concept, and their team was able to shine a light on their services and what they could bring to the table. Compared to our previous experiences, dealing with the Google Cloud team has been a true pleasure. Now that we’ve migrated, we’re ready to take our next steps into the services available to us in the Google Cloud ecosystem, and the problems we’ll continue to solve for our customers. Learn more about TapClicks and BigQuery ML.
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Journey to Transformation and Modernization with Google’s Distributed Cloud
Google Cloud has been leading the way of helping businesses make most from their cloud investments to drive digital transformation through modern application platforms that cater to today’s customer needs. Watch the video from the Next ’21 to explore three areas where companies are supported by Google Cloud throughout their cloud evolution journey–cloud migration and modernization, extension of services and engineering practices to hybrid and multicloud environments, and delivery of high performance with planet scale distributed infrastructure. Also, learn how Google Cloud is equipped for more complex and unique use cases, from datacenter to the edge. Hear the strategies and customer stories that can help your business modernize people, processes, and applications to fully leverage Google’s distributed cloud!
7 Common Myths About Cloud Computing That Must Be Banished

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No discussion about the emerging technologies that are shaping our future is complete without a mention of cloud computing. Unfortunately, too many of these discussions are filled with misinformation and fear-mongering. And while it’s always advisable to approach new technologies with a degree of healthy skepticism, this should always be backed by facts.
Here are seven of the most common myths about cloud computing that you shouldn’t take at face value:
An On-Premises Data Centre is More Secure Than the Cloud
One of the first concerns cloud skeptics cite as the case against it is the possibility of a data breach or cyber attack. However, the overwhelming majority of professionals agree that cloud computing offers much more security than an on-premises data centre. Not only do cloud solutions come with the requisite infrastructure, but they’re also maintained by some of the finest security personnel in the world, who work for cloud service providers.
Cloud Computing is Too Expensive
The concerns surrounding the cost of cloud computing have been blown vastly out of proportion. While the cost of implementation varies from one business to another, cloud computing’s ‘pay-as-you-go’ model helps prevent unnecessary spending on infrastructure. In fact, some providers offer users their service without any up-front costs or termination fees. However, it is up to an enterprise to evaluate whether this model will be more cost-effective for their requirements, as opposed to building a data centre.
Migration to the Cloud Will Result in Extended Downtime
There’s a reason that the old adage ‘Time is money’ is as popular as it is. Irrespective of its industry, geography, size or nature, no organisation can afford more than the bare minimum downtime. However, cloud migration doesn’t have to be synonymous with lost time and money. In fact, most popular cloud service providers offer seamless, live migration, and may only result in negligible downtime where the existing servers are extremely outdated.
My Business is Too Small for Cloud Computing
Cloud computing was once thought of as the prerogative of big companies that have massive computing power and infrastructure needs. However, a quick glance through the pros and cons of the technology shows that this isn’t the case. In fact, small and medium organisations might just find it to be more useful. Not only does cloud adoption save the cost of building a data centre, but also the human resource expenditure that comes with having to maintain it. Moreover, offerings like Google Apps for Business consolidate a multitude of services into one platform, making them easier to implement and maintain.
Cloud Computing is Only Good for Storage and Analytics
Data storage and analytics are among the cloud’s most popular uses. However, this doesn’t mean that the technology is only of use to technology and data science departments. Figures from 2011 showed that the bulk of cloud spending in the Asia Pacific region is concentrated in the functions of customer service, marketing, sales, manufacturing and human resource management. Seamless flow of accurate and up-to-date information is department-agnostic, and if leveraged in the right way, can be a game-changer for every organisation.
I Won’t Have Enough Control on the Cloud
Cloud solutions aren’t as rigid as most people assume. Between the public, private and hybrid cloud, there are a host of options that businesses can choose from when it comes to cloud migration. Each of these offers a different degree of customisation and flexibility, which companies can pick from, on the basis of their requirements and skill level.
Cloud Computing is Digital Transformation
Deploying cloud solutions can put organisations on the fast track to success in the digital age. However, it is far from the only component that is needed to make the big transition. It’s not unheard of for vendors and IT professionals to make cloud computing seem like the be-all and end-all solution to all of a business’ digital woes. This is why, senior management should have a clearly defined purpose and realistic expectations in mind before migrating to the cloud.
FAQs: Everything Your Need to Know About Cloud Computing

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There are a number of terms and concepts in cloud computing, and not everyone is familiar with all of them. To help, we’ve put together a list of common questions, and the meanings of a few of those acronyms. You can find all these, and many more, in our learning resources.
What are containers?
Containers are packages of software that contain all of the necessary elements to run in any environment. In this way, containers virtualize the operating system and run anywhere, from a private data center to the public cloud or even on a developer’s personal laptop. Containerization allows development teams to move fast, deploy software efficiently, and operate at an unprecedented scale. Read more.
Containers vs. VMs: What’s the difference?
You might already be familiar with VMs: a guest operating system such as Linux or Windows runs on top of a host operating system with access to the underlying hardware. Containers are often compared to virtual machines (VMs). Like virtual machines, containers allow you to package your application together with libraries and other dependencies, providing isolated environments for running your software services. However, the similarities end here as containers offer a far more lightweight unit for developers and IT Ops teams to work with, carrying a myriad of benefits. Containers are much more lightweight than VMs, virtualize at the OS level while VMs virtualize at the hardware level, and share the OS kernel and use a fraction of the memory VMs require. Read more.
What is Kubernetes?
With the widespread adoption of containers among organizations, Kubernetes, the container-centric management software, has become the de facto standard to deploy and operate containerized applications. Google Cloud is the birthplace of Kubernetes—originally developed at Google and released as open source in 2014. Kubernetes builds on 15 years of running Google’s containerized workloads and the valuable contributions from the open source community. Inspired by Google’s internal cluster management system, Borg, Kubernetes makes everything associated with deploying and managing your application easier. Providing automated container orchestration, Kubernetes improves your reliability and reduces the time and resources attributed to daily operations. Read more.
What is microservices architecture?
Microservices architecture (often shortened to microservices) refers to an architectural style for developing applications. Microservices allow a large application to be separated into smaller independent parts, with each part having its own realm of responsibility. To serve a single user request, a microservices-based application can call on many internal microservices to compose its response. Containers are a well-suited microservices architecture example, since they let you focus on developing the services without worrying about the dependencies. Modern cloud-native applications are usually built as microservices using containers. Read more.
What is ETL?
ETL stands for extract, transform, and load and is a traditionally accepted way for organizations to combine data from multiple systems into a single database, data store, data warehouse, or data lake. ETL can be used to store legacy data, or—as is more typical today—aggregate data to analyze and drive business decisions. Organizations have been using ETL for decades. But what’s new is that both the sources of data, as well as the target databases, are now moving to the cloud. Additionally, we’re seeing the emergence of streaming ETL pipelines, which are now unified alongside batch pipelines—that is, pipelines handling continuous streams of data in real time versus data handled in aggregate batches. Some enterprises run continuous streaming processes with batch backfill or reprocessing pipelines woven into the mix. Read more.
What is a data lake?
A data lake is a centralized repository designed to store, process, and secure large amounts of structured, semistructured, and unstructured data. It can store data in its native format and process any variety of it, ignoring size limits. Read more.
What is a data warehouse?
Data-driven companies require robust solutions for managing and analyzing large quantities of data across their organizations. These systems must be scalable, reliable, and secure enough for regulated industries, as well as flexible enough to support a wide variety of data types and use cases. The requirements go way beyond the capabilities of any traditional database. That’s where the data warehouse comes in. A data warehouse is an enterprise system used for the analysis and reporting of structured and semi-structured data from multiple sources, such as point-of-sale transactions, marketing automation, customer relationship management, and more. A data warehouse is suited for ad hoc analysis as well custom reporting and can store both current and historical data in one place. It is designed to give a long-range view of data over time, making it a primary component of business intelligence. Read more.
What is streaming analytics?
Streaming analytics is the processing and analyzing of data records continuously rather than in batches. Generally, streaming analytics is useful for the types of data sources that send data in small sizes (often in kilobytes) in a continuous flow as the data is generated. Read more.
What is machine learning (ML)?
Today’s enterprises are bombarded with data. To drive better business decisions, they have to make sense of it. But the sheer volume coupled with complexity makes data difficult to analyze using traditional tools. Building, testing, iterating, and deploying analytical models for identifying patterns and insights in data eats up employees’ time. Then after being deployed, such models also have to be monitored and continually adjusted as the market situation or the data itself changes. Machine learning is the solution. Machine learning allows businesses to enable the data to teach the system how to solve the problem at hand with machine learning algorithms—and how to get better over time. Read more.
What is natural language processing (NLP)?
Natural language processing (NLP) uses machine learning to reveal the structure and meaning of text. With natural language processing applications, organizations can analyze text and extract information about people, places, and events to better understand social media sentiment and customer conversations. Read more.
Learn more
This is just a sampling of frequently asked questions about cloud computing. To learn more, visit our resources page at cloud.google.com/learn.
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Strategies for Migrating to the Cloud
What are the technologies that are helping enterprises scale, adapt, and modernize? Are there any strategies that enterprises can adopt for moving to the cloud?
What this webinar to find out the different migration patterns to the cloud and learn how enterprises can choose the right strategies based on their business and technical environments, and the tooling that can help them get there.
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