Financial markets were among the first to adopt new technologies, and that has certainly been true of the derivatives markets, which were early adopters of electronic trading. Going forward, new capabilities will transform the way industry participants communicate, analyze, and trade.

I sat down with Google Cloud’s Phil Moyer and former SEC Commissioner, Troy Paredes, for a fireside chat at FIA Boca 2022 to discuss the future of markets and policy, the new technologies that are already paving the way for greater speed and transparency, and how cloud can help promote greater resiliency, performance, and security to enable the long-term vision for the market. The following is a summary of our discussion.

The current state of cloud technology

When it comes to technology adoption, we’re seeing the market and participants adopt cloud technologies, and increasingly, machine learning (ML) on a wider scale. Cloud technology allows for easier, faster, and much more secure experimentation with large datasets and ML.

A recent Google sponsored study by Coalition Greenwich (September, 2021) showed that more than 93% of trading systems, exchanges, and data providers are in some way providing services on the cloud. The same study, revealed that about 72% of the financial industry across the buy side and sell side, intend to consume public cloud-data based market data within the next 12 months.

Data-driven decision-making and risk management have always been, and continue to remain, the cornerstones of the financial markets. Over time, technology innovation has facilitated access to better insights from data, and therefore, better decision-making and the ability to manage risk. That expectation is now mainstream, and will continue to grow in sophistication.

The multi-phased technology trajectory

The movement of exchanges to the cloud will occur in a “crawl-walk-run” fashion, with low-hanging fruits the first to be picked in the near term while bigger, paradigmatic changes will occur over the medium and long term. Some organizations are starting all three stages simultaneously, understanding that each will move at an independent cadence.

The “crawl” phase is one in which foundations are built, starting with organizations moving data to the cloud and experimenting with some degree of analytics. It’s one of the most important phases because it’s where the opportunity to increase transparency and risk management takes shape.

In moving to the cloud, the infrastructure – which in the past relied on a combination of people, processes, and some technology – becomes the code that runs applications. This early phase is key to empowering organizations to shift to a cloud-based, agile-first operating model that makes it easier and more seamless to launch new products in the future, including by freeing up people and resources from IT management to more mission-focused work.

Establishing the cloud operating model simplifies the “walk” and “run” phases where compliance is more automated, latency-sensitive applications are more readily available, and the next generation of exchanges, market participants, and regulators is better prepared to meet future challenges.

The “walk” phase is where much of the innovation happens. Exchanges are making significant progress in leveraging foundational data decisions in the “crawl” phase and innovations in the cloud to improve settlement, clearing, risk management, collateral management, and compliance, and launch new products.

And finally, the “run” phase is where organizations will start to move the latency-sensitive markets to the cloud, as the markets increasingly will demand low-latency and high performance along with transparency and analytics to solve historical obstacles to market access.

Opportunities for both regulators and market participants

Any time significant technological change takes place, regulators explore its implications, particularly with respect to their ability to meet their regulatory objectives.

Increasingly, we are seeing technological change driving more opportunities for regulators and market participants alike. Such changes may also allow better protection of the marketplace, with greater integrity and transparency.

Over time, regulatory regimes – rules, regulations, statutes, interpretations, and guidance – will also adjust to new technologies, both benefiting the marketplace and advancing regulatory goals.

As one example, the cloud is increasing the ability to meet compliance obligations by allowing compliance to be built into transactions. Moreover, predicated on the vision of real-time regulatory reporting, and given the pace of technological change in the marketplace over the last several years, various regulators have been using more advanced analytics. This trend will continue to help them more effectively and efficiently meet their objectives, and monitor and meet the expectations they have for the entire market.

Machine learning’s role in the financial markets

Google Cloud’s head of AI and Industry Solutions, Andrew Moore, said that ML will be doing three key things for us in the next 10 years: giving us meaning, providing concierge services, and serving as a guardian. Extracting information that is critical to investor decision-making can be extremely important. With more data than ever, ML can increase the ability to process it while also becoming more accessible in the cloud and better supporting regulatory objectives.

The technology will likely manifest in trading and anti-money laundering activities as they relate market functions, as well as managing a wide variety of risks – supporting the interests of both investors and regulators in terms of decision-making, surveillance, and protections.

Rather than taking individuals out of the equation, the digitization of markets, assets, and guard rails combined with ML will allow people to focus their expertise in different ways to achieve key objectives.

Building the market foundation for the future

The goals of operational resiliency, security, and privacy will continue to be critical for building the market foundation for both participants and regulators. While technology promises to create advantages in concrete, tangible ways, it will be important to scrutinize potential risks and concerns.

Priority one for technology providers is to build an environment of trustless security, including encryption at motion and encryption at rest, ensuring that markets are operationally resilient while instilling confidence for any exchange that runs on top of that infrastructure. Multicloud architectures and approaches are likely also to be part of the solution for operational resilience.

Throughout time, liquidity has been the outcome of improved access, transparency, and security. Technology providers are responding by sharing both the responsibility for, and fate of, the markets of the future to build an efficient, faster, and more transparent and secure financial industry.

You can learn more about our approach in our newest white paper, Building the financial markets foundation for the future.

Video AI is a powerful way to enable content discovery and engaging video experiences.

Here, try it out right now!

Google Cloud’s easy-to-access video AI solutions can accomplish a bunch of things. Here are a few:

Precise video analysis: Video Intelligence API automatically recognizes more than 20,000 objects, places, and actions in stored and streaming video. It also distinguishes scene changes and extracts rich metadata at the video, shot, or frame level. Use in combination with AutoML Video Intelligence to create your own custom entity labels to categorize content. Imagine being able to categorise hundreds of videos of customer interactions quickly to improve service training!

Recommended content: Build a content recommendation engine with labels generated by Video Intelligence API and a user’s viewing history and preferences. This will simplify content discovery for your users and guide them to the most relevant content that they want.

Simplify media management: Find value in vast archives by making media easily searchable and discoverable. Easily search your video catalog the same way you search text documents. Extract metadata that can be used to index, organize, and search your video content, as well as control and filter content for what’s most relevant.Imagine being able to locate insight in hundreds of enterprise videos to improve productivity and customer experience!

Easily create intelligent video apps: Gain insights from video in near real time using the Video Intelligence Streaming Video APIs, and trigger events based on objects detected. Build engaging customer experiences with highlight reels, recommendations, interactive videos, and more. Marketers, imagine being able to trigger a customer workflow, in real time, based on a live customer interactions.

Automate expensive workflows: Reduce time and costs associated with transcribing videos and generating closed captions, as well as flagging and filtering inappropriate content.

Content moderation: Identify when inappropriate content is being shown in a given video. You can instantly conduct content moderation across petabytes of data and more quickly and efficiently filter your content or user-generated content.

What can your organisation do with video AI?

Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB) is one of Malaysia’s largest investment institutions with more than RM300 billion ($71 milion) in assets under management. Through our wholly-owned company, Amanah Saham Nasional Berhad (ASNB), we manage 14 funds with a total value of RM235.74 billion ($56.34 million) as of Dec. 31, 2018. 

To expand the range of people who can invest and participate in the economy, our unit trust funds enable the public to invest as little as RM10 ($2.50) into any of our funds. With each investment, unit-holders (a unit-holder is an investor who holds securities of trust) are able to participate in the local and international investment activities managed by PNB and ASNB. They also gain dividends from their investment at the end of the financial year for the funds that they invest in. 

Accelerating access to services with APIs
As chief technology officer for PNB, I lead the retail and asset management technology aspects of the business. My team and I manage the basic IT systems such as email and networks, but also the more exciting and complex IT infrastructures, including investment core systems and data analytics for the unit trust teams.  

In January 2017 (prior to joining PNB), I observed unit holders waiting in a long line just to update their account balances following a dividend announcement. Unit-holders had limited options then: they were required to visit an ASNB branch or one of our agent banks to complete the transaction. When PNB hired me three months later, I was determined to create a self-service balance checker that would reduce our unit-holders’ waiting time. My team first built an application on an Android tablet that communicated to our backend via APIs. Then we constructed a kiosk around this and started our first self-service kiosk. We have built 120 kiosks across Malaysia in six months.

While we made progress in creating new solutions for our unit-holders, we were missing an API management framework to manage our APIs. After extensive market research, we decided on the Apigee API management platform as it was the most suitable platform to build our capabilities for developing and managing APIs. Apigee’s technical capabilities coupled with responsive support from Google Cloud were important factors. Being new to APIs, we value the quick and ready technical support made available to us.  In addition, the secure and flexible system that Apigee offers is critical to us because as a financial institution, security is of paramount importance.

In July 2017, we migrated our retail core system from mainframe base to a modern, cloud-based infrastructure. In August of the same year, a newly developed web portal provided our unit-holders access to their accounts through their mobile devices for the first time. The customer response was very encouraging and uptake has been very high since then. 

The portal uses APIs to enable our 14 million unit-holders to check balances, reinvest, edit their personal information, and access account statements. For now, the portal is only available to unit-holders who pre-register via an in-person onboarding process. We are currently awaiting regulatory direction on electronic Know Your Customer (eKYC) rules that will impact digital onboarding before we can enable access to new unit-holders via their mobile devices.

Creating new channels for financial inclusion
To date, our web portal and APIs have generated approximately RM2 billion (USD500 million) in annual investments. This equates to about five percent of our total yearly investments contributed via the digital platform. While this is encouraging progress, there is much more potential that we can tap into, including the collection and analysis of consumer behavior data. Moving forward, this valuable information will provide insights for us to improve customer experience and fine-tune our offerings. 

A typical bank integration typically takes six months at a high cost. Excluding the governance and compliance approval period, our key APIs can be consumed in under three months, at minimal cost. Banks that use APIs will find ours easy to work with. This simplifies our agent onboarding process. 

APIs enable us to innovate further by expanding our capabilities and reach. We are currently onboarding a few PNB agent banks and we look forward to the possibility to connect to fintech players in Malaysia, especially e-wallet solution providers. API simplify the communications between multiple systems and offer a world of possibilities for our business.