Last year, we analyzed the aggregate data from all customers across Google Cloud, and found over 600,000 gross kgCO₂e in seemingly idle projects that could be cleaned up or reclaimed — which would have a similar impact to planting almost 10,000 trees¹. Today, we’re making it easy for you to identify if any of those idle workloads are yours, with new Active Assist sustainability recommendations.  

Active Assist is a part of Google Cloud’s AIOps solution that uses data, intelligence, and machine learning to reduce cloud complexity and administrative toil. Under the Active Assist portfolio, we have products and tools like Policy Intelligence, Network Intelligence Center, Predictive Autoscaler, and a collection of Recommendations for various Google Cloud services — all focused on helping you achieve your operational goals. Today, we are broadening the scope of Active Assist to help you achieve your sustainability targets and reduce the carbon footprint of your workloads.

The carbon emissions associated with your cloud infrastructure can be a big part of your overall environmental footprint. Choosing to run on Google Cloud is a great first step — we’ve matched the energy used by our data centers with 100% renewable energy since 2017, and are committed to running our operations on carbon-free energy 24/7 by 2030. But once you’re running on Google Cloud, if you want to reduce the gross carbon emissions of your workload you can take action to optimize your usage.

Assessing the gross carbon impact of unattended projects

You can now estimate the gross carbon emissions you’ll save by removing these idle projects with Active Assist Unattended Project Recommender, which provides rich utilization insights for all the projects in your organization, and uses machine learning to identify ones that are idle and most likely unattended. The data points Active Assist surfaces as a part of its utilization insights now include the carbonFootprintDailyKgCO2 field, which allows you to estimate carbon emissions associated with any given project. Recommendations also estimate the impact of removing an idle project in terms of kilograms of CO₂ reduced per month. The capability is available via the Recommender API, Recommendation Hub, the Carbon Footprint dashboard, and BigQuery export of recommendations, making it easy for you to integrate with your company’s existing tools and workflows.

Introducing the Carbon Sense suite

Increasing the sustainability of digital applications and infrastructure is a priority for 90% of global IT leaders², and we’ll be continuing to invest across a number of product areas in Google Cloud, including AIOps features like Active Assist’s recommendations, to help you make progress towards your sustainability goals. To make it easy for you to find and consume these new features, we’re bundling our existing and future product work into the Carbon Sense suite — a collection of features that makes it easy to accurately report your carbon emissions, and reduce them. Active Assist joins products like Carbon Footprint, which provides you with the ability to understand and measure the gross carbon emissions of your Google Cloud usage, and our low-carbon signals, which help users choose cleaner regions to run their workloads, in the Carbon Sense suite. Stay tuned for more updates on Carbon Sense in the coming months.

Getting started with sustainability recommendations

To get started with Active Assist sustainability recommendations, check the Carbon Footprint dashboard and Recommendation Hub to review projects that may be idle and assess the carbon emissions associated with them. See recommendations in Google Cloud Console.

To view the recommendations, you will need IAM permissions for Unattended Project Recommender itself and permissions to view resources in a given organization.

You can also automatically export the recommendations from your Organization to BigQuery and then investigate any idle projects with DataStudio or Looker. Or, you can use Connected Sheets to use Google Workspace Sheets to interact with the data stored in BigQuery without having to write SQL queries.

As with any other Recommender, you can choose to opt out of data processing for your organization or your projects at any time by disabling the appropriate data groups in the Transparency & Control tab under Privacy & Security settings.

We hope you use Unattended Project Recommender to reduce the carbon footprint associated with your idle cloud resources, and can’t wait to hear your feedback and thoughts about this feature! Please feel free to reach us at active-assist-feedback@google.com. We also invite you to sign up for our Active Assist Trusted Tester Group if you would like to get early access to new features as they are developed.

^{1. https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator}

^{2. https://inthecloud.withgoogle.com/it-leaders-research-21/sustainability-dl-cd.html}

Editor’s note: This post was originally published in TechPulse Belgium, where Jack Buser, Google Cloud’s Director of Game Industry Solutions, shared his trends for the industry this year.

The year 2022 will hold many surprises (with a few already dropping!), but there’s one near certainty: By this time next year there will be millions more gamers worldwide. It’s thanks to the industry’s little-noted technology growth drivers, which are getting stronger. 

Games are no longer a niche hobby; it’s global, mainstream entertainment. There were 3.1 billion gamers worldwide in 2020. It’s estimated that by 2024 there will be another 500 million. With a global population of 7.7 billion, that’s nearly half the planet. Revenues in 2021 may reach $175 billion—likely more than movies, music, and books combined. 

It’s a strength unique to the games industry, driven by the way its creators deploy new technology. Advances we see in everything from pricing and emerging markets, to backend computing and delivery suggests it will grow from here, on things like artificial intelligence and planet-scale networks.

Games forever, game better

It’s no surprise that videogames have become a huge business. Playing games is one of our deepest human expressions. There is a 4,500 year old board game that people still play, a testimony to the human love of testing cleverness, honing reactions, building trust, or just enlivening a day.

Video games do all that and for decades game makers have taken the most cutting-edge computing tech to make things better. We’ve seen electronic ping pong become shooting asteroids, to simple (yet iconic) 2D sprites evolve into believable, expressive 3D characters, all leading to today’s immersive worlds hosting tens of millions of players worldwide.

There’s more to come. I work at technology’s cutting edge for games, offering the world’s leading game creators access to powerful cloud computing, a low-latency global network, Machine Learning and AI, and much more. As usual, game innovators are taking up all these tools, building new narratives, new ways to play, new markets, and new jaw-dropping moments.

And game creators aren’t just thinking about players; they’re also thinking about viewers. More and more people are watching eSports, and creators are using the games medium to engage their viewers in increasingly immersive ways.

Streaming like never before 

AI and ML are sharpening games and attracting new players in other ways. These technologies increasingly power everything from network performance to global player matching. The delicate but essential work of encouraging newcomers and discouraging bad actors, optimizing monetization, or building and scaling up new player environments.

Another important area we’re seeing cloud tools being put to use is in coordinating the workflows of global teams of developers. It’s not just a question of building faster anymore, but of collaborating and responding more effectively. The distributed work trends that featured so strongly during the pandemic had already featured in much of the game industry, increasingly it’s an industry standard. This will likely mean even faster and more diverse game development, addressing the needs of new markets where we’re seeing double-digit growth.

Tools like cloud streaming, 5G, and edge computing are likely to accelerate the use of Game Streaming, Augmented Reality, and other types of immersive gameplay. If my metaverse doesn’t have games, count me out! We’re looking at some exciting new developments in coming months with some major industry players. Stay tuned.

A big year for the games industry

As a premier provider of solutions, tools and services to games companies, our engineering job is complex and global. Fortunately, our mission is simple: Help game companies transform to meet new global opportunities with planet scale solutions. Technology has brought the gaming industry to astonishing heights, and is the perfect compliment to great storytelling and creative ingenuity. 

As a decades-long industry veteran, I’ve never been more impressed with what technology can do for our industry. Looking past 2022, when we’ll see more compute, more AI, more AR, and more innovation around healthy and exciting game play, there is just one near certainty: More growth.

Compute Engine lets you create and run virtual machines (VMs) on Google’s infrastructure, allowing you to launch large compute clusters with ease. When it comes to getting started with Compute Engine, our customers have lots of questions—but some questions come up more often than others. 

We looked at an internal list of the most popular Compute Engine documentation pages over a 30-day period to find out what topics were explored by users again and again. Here are the top four questions users have about Compute Engine, in order.

1. What are the different machine families

Compute Engine lets you select the right machine for your needs. You can choose from a curated set of predefined virtual machine (VM) configurations optimized for specific workloads, ranging from small-level purpose to large-scale use cases or create a machine type customized to your needs with our custom machine type feature. 

Compute Engine machines are categorized by machine family, including: 

• General-purpose: Best price-performance ratio for a variety of standard and cloud-native workloads 
• Compute-optimized: Highest performance per core for compute-intensive workloads, such as ad serving or media transcoding  
• Memory-optimized: More compute and memory per core than any other family for memory-intensive workloads, such as SAP HANA or in-memory data analytics 
• Accelerator-optimized: Designed for your most demanding workloads, such as machine learning (ML) or high performance computing (HPC)

Read the documentation to learn more about each machine family category.

2. How to connect to VMs using advanced methods

In general, we recommend using the Google Cloud Console and the gcloud command-line tool to connect to Linux VM instances. However, some of our customers want to use third-party tools, or require alternative connection configurations. 

In these cases, there are several methods that might fit your needs better than the standard connection options:

• Connecting to instances using third-party tools (e.g. Windows PuTTY, Chrome OS Secure Shell app), or MacOS or Linux local terminal) 
• Connecting to instances without external IP addresses
• Connecting to instances as the root user Manually connecting between instances and running commands as a service account

Read the documentation to learn about advanced methods for connecting Linux VMs.

3. How to set up OS Login

OS Login lets you use IAM roles and permissions to manage access and permissions to VMs. 

OS Login is the recommended way to manage users across multiple instances or projects. OS Login provides:

• Automatic Linux account lifecycle management
• Fine-grained authorization using Google IAM without having to grant broader privileges
• Automatic permissions updates to prevent unwanted access
• Ability to import existing Linux accounts from Active Directory (AD) and Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

You can also add an extra layer of security by setting up OS Login with two-factor authentication or manage organization access by setting up organization policies.

Read the documentation to learn how to configure OS login and connect to your instances.

4. How to manage SSH keys in metadata 

Compute Engine allows you to manually manage SSH keys and local user accounts by editing public SSH key metadata.

You can add  public SSH keys to instance and project metadata using: 

• The Google Cloud Console The gcloud command-line tool 
• API methods from the Google Cloud Client Libraries

Read the documentation to learn how to manually manage SSH keys and local user accounts in metadata.

Don’t see your question here? Check out the Compute Engine documentation for all of our recommended guides, tutorials, and resources.