With unemployment application submissions reaching record numbers over the past year, state and local agencies in the United States have faced the challenge of processing unprecedented numbers of claims per week. The digital infrastructure most agencies have in place is unable to handle this volume, resulting in constituents waiting longer, and bad actors taking advantage of vulnerable systems. The Department of Labor Inspector General estimates that $63 billion in claims distributed is either an improper payment or fraud. 

Validating claims also requires secure data sharing with other agencies for document and identity verification. Government leaders need a way to allow case adjudicators to quickly and confidently release backlogged claims, integrate with existing systems, and segment legitimate claims from potentially fraudulent ones — all within limited government budgets — securely and at scale.

Implementing a fraud detection solution on Google Cloud

States were under pressure to release payments, while also filtering out potentially fraudulent claims. SpringML and Google Cloud developed a framework to give adjudicators a reliable verification process that quickly filters potentially fraudulent claims, while processing the remaining claims so benefits reach citizens in a timely manner. SpringML and Google Cloud, applied AI-powered machine learning models to detect anomalous patterns in large datasets. Using Google Cloud tools, SpringML implemented a solution to streamline workflows, improve efficiencies, automate processes and identify potentially fraudulent claims.

SpringML used a variety of Google Cloud products to deliver a fraud detection solution, including:

• Google Cloud Storage to store and manage data
• BigQuery to store tabular data and BigQuery Machine Learning (BQML) to conduct machine learning on that data
• AutoML solutions to build predictive models and risk scoring
• Visualization tools such as Looker and Data Studio to present data and help government leaders make informed decisions.

Implementing machine learning to detect improper payments allows agencies to classify claims as “fraud” or “not fraud” based on the number of flags, as well as prioritize the most urgent claims. Deploying intelligent virtual agents to handle frequently asked questions meant that live agents could focus their time on more challenging cases. 

Even once the pandemic is behind us, there will be bad actors trying to take advantage of overwhelmed or legacy systems. We’ve identified a few best practices for agencies managing enormous case loads and looking to improve improper payment analytics: 

• Move your systems to the cloud. Many on-premises legacy systems can’t update their applications and scale to meet the volume of claims. Moving to a cloud environment enables rapid solution deployment and ingestion of large amounts of data without fear of overloading the system. The cloud scales with you–cost-effectively and securely. 
• Understand patterns in the data. The answer is always in the data — we used deep analysis to help uncover suspicious patterns in large data sets. We implemented unsupervised machine learning to learn behaviors and create configurable rules that adjust to new information that comes into the system. We can uncover patterns that are likely associated with fraud – ones that a human might have missed. 
• Use AI/ML tools to automate your existing systems and teams. These tools enable humans to work smarter and more efficiently. We automate anomaly detection and create dashboards for adjudicators to rapidly process claims. We are enabling the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development by implementing automatic calculations and processing of recharge amounts, resulting in faster processing times and fewer human errors. Proactive fraud detection and timely calculation of recharge payment allowed DWD to ensure the benefits reached the right individuals.
• Build flexibility into your systems. We discovered that fraud patterns change over time. For instance,flags for fraud during March-May 2020 were vastly different from those we found in June-July 2020. Google Cloud tools make it easy to continually update algorithms to detect patterns and integrate external data sources.

Using Google Cloud tools, we can update digital infrastructure and incorporate machine learning best practices to help organizations efficiently process large volumes of claims and identify high probability fraudulent ones. SpringML provides consulting and implementation services and industry-specific analytics solutions that deliver high-impact business value to accelerate data-driven digital transformation. Learn more about fraud detection and how to improve improper payments analytics by watching our webinar. 

Building a strong brand in today’s hyper-competitive business environment takes vision. It also requires a flexible, easily managed approach to digital asset management (DAM), so marketing professionals and other stakeholders can easily share, store, track, and manipulate assets to build the brand.

Many of today’s leading companies, including JetBlue, Slack, TripAdvisor, Lyft, and HealthONE, rely on Brandfolder to deliver consistent, organized, and efficient brand experiences. Brandfolder provides an easy-to-use platform that can scale across an entire company with little end-user training, empowering customers to distribute digital assets wherever they are needed. Customers also gain much greater insight into how those assets are used, and how to use them more effectively in marketing campaigns and brand messaging.

“Google Cloud made it easy to build an ML platform to quickly iterate through different brand intelligence use cases and release data-driven product features into the Brandfolder platform.”

—Ajay Rajasekharan, Head of Data Science, Brandfolder

Brandfolder is constantly advancing its development efforts to introduce new data-driven features without complicating the user experience. Big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) are key to meeting customers’ unique business needs, and essential for Brandfolder to compete in the fast-moving DAM industry. To enhance these capabilities, Brandfolder sought a public cloud provider that could help it scale its data pipeline cost effectively while providing access to advanced AI technologies.

After graduating from the Techstars startup accelerator program in 2013, Brandfolder tried two other cloud providers before standardizing on Google Cloud Platform (GCP).

“We saw a difference with Google Cloud from the very beginning because the interactions felt like a strategic relationship,” says Jim Hanifen, Head of Product at Brandfolder. “Google gave us startup credits and a lot of face-to-face support, which we hadn’t experienced with other cloud providers. We decided to move our entire infrastructure to Google Cloud Platform.”

Building an ML platform for brand intelligence

After performing an initial lift-and-shift migration of virtual machines (VMs) onto Compute Engine, Brandfolder built an ML platform using GCP managed services to seamlessly deliver its data products. The platform leverages Cloud SQL, Cloud Storage as the data lake, Cloud Dataproc for cloud-native Apache Spark computing clusters, Cloud Composer as the batch job scheduler, Cloud Pub/Sub as the backbone data pipeline, Container Registry to store Docker images, and Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE) as the application orchestrator. Cloud Dataflow brings data into the data lake and into BigQuery for analysis.

“Google Cloud made it easy to build an ML platform to quickly iterate through different brand intelligence use cases and release data-driven product features into the Brandfolder platform,” says Ajay Rajasekharan, Head of Data Science at Brandfolder, who describes the architecture in a detailed blog. “We simply ingest raw application and event data on one end and output an ML service on the other.”

“Moving to Google Cloud Platform allows us to complete more sophisticated data analysis and ML models much faster, and at a much lower cost. We can create brand-specific ML models 12x faster and get them into production quickly to address our customers’ unique business needs.”

—Brett Nekolny, Head of Engineering, Brandfolder

For many general use cases, Brandfolder does not need to build custom ML models, and instead relies on pre-trained API models from GCP. For example, it uses Vision API and Video Intelligence API to auto-tag creative assets on import to enable fast, intuitive searches across images and videos. When more product- and brand-specific modeling is required to address unique customer use cases, Brandfolder builds and trains custom ML models using its GCP pipeline or Cloud AutoML, a suite of products built on Google transfer learning and neural architecture search technology. For example, if a Brandfolder customer makes different types of grills, Brandfolder can use AutoML Vision to train a model to recognize the different grills.

“Moving to Google Cloud Platform allows us to complete more sophisticated data analysis and ML models much faster, and at a much lower cost,” explains Brett Nekolny, Head of Engineering at Brandfolder. “We can create brand-specific ML models 12x faster and get them into production quickly to address our customers’ unique business needs.”

Industry-leading security and performance

Google Cloud’s security model helps Brandfolder give existing and prospective customers peace of mind that their data will be protected. Cloud Identity & Access Management (Cloud IAM) provides enterprise-grade access control, while Cloud Identity-Aware Proxy (Cloud IAP) enables remote users to work more securely without the hassles of a VPN client. GCP also isolates cloud resources into projects, making it easy to assign permissions and keep data and VMs organized and segregated.

“With Google Cloud, everything begins and ends with security, which makes things very easy for us,” says Jim. “If we’re under a security review, we can submit a Google security white paper. If a potential customer has security concerns, we tell them we are hosted on GCP, and those concerns go away.”

To give customers even better application performance for accessing their brand assets, Brandfolder uses Cloud Memorystore, an in-memory data store service for Redis, to cache data and provide sub-millisecond data access for production applications.

“It was much easier for us to use Cloud Memorystore versus running Redis on our compute instances,” says Brett. “The high availability, replication across zones, and automatic failover with no data loss are big for us.”

Global private network interconnects between Google Cloud and the Fastly content delivery network (CDN) dramatically reduce latency, allowing Brandfolder’s customers to deliver and update even very large creative assets quickly around the world.

“What’s beautiful about the relationship between Google and Fastly is that if one of our customers uploads a new version of an asset, we can propagate that out to Fastly, and the new version will automatically show up in all the places where it’s referenced,” says Brett.

“The ability to quickly solve problems with AI has a substantial impact on our revenue, and that’s more apparent every quarter. Few of our competitors are doing product- or brand-specific modeling because it takes a lot of time and resources. We overcame those hurdles with Google Cloud.”

—Jim Hanifen, Head of Product, Brandfolder

Improving employee and customer productivity

Brandfolder also uses Google solutions for real-time collaboration and productivity, using G Suite to connect employees with intuitive, cloud-based apps. Teams use Gmail, Calendar, Docs, Drive, Sheets, Slides, and Hangouts Meet every day to move the business forward. Many of Brandfolder’s customers are also G Suite users, and Brandfolder offers a plug-in that allows them to view their creative assets inside of Docs and pull images in as needed. Customers can also log into Brandfolder with their G Suite credentials, making the solution even easier to use.

“We’ve been using G Suite since the beginning, and it’s helped us collaborate efficiently to build a successful, growing company,” says Jim. “Our teams expect to have that kind of close collaboration, and everyone here enjoys the G Suite experience.”

Driving 99 percent annual business growth

With automated tagging and other innovative AI-based features, Brandfolder is helping customers locate and distribute assets faster. As a result, Brandfolder is building customer loyalty and increasing sales, growing its business by 99 percent year-over-year. Since moving to GCP, Brandfolder has been able to scale its analytics and data pipeline 50x without a corresponding increase in costs and has not had to expand its development team.

“The ability to quickly solve problems with AI has a substantial impact on our revenue, and that’s more apparent every quarter,” says Jim. “Few of our competitors are doing product- or brand-specific modeling because it takes a lot of time and resources. We overcame those hurdles with Google Cloud.”

The app economy has enabled a huge range of unique business models to flourish. One such model is online food ordering and delivery services, in which apps leverage geo-location data to aggregate local food choices and offer personalized options to consumers.

A leading company in this space is Just Eat. Launched in the UK in 2001 with a vision of ‘serving the world’s greatest menu. Brilliantly.’ The company has capitalized on the popularity of online food delivery and grown its presence across 12 markets. 

Just Eat acts as an intermediary between take-out food outlets and hungry customers, giving local restaurants access to a broader base of potential diners, while providing consumers with an easy and secure way to order and pay for food from their favourite restaurants.

Today the company helps 27 million customers find food from more than 112,000 restaurants—everything from homemade Italian pasta, to Chinese noodle bowls, to fish-and-chips. 

Data is the fuel of Just Eat’s rapid growth, but it wasn’t always looked at that way. In its early days, Just Eat struggled with the deluge of information and faced fragmentation across its systems. In fact, the company realized its legacy data vendor wasn’t capable of ingesting 90 percent of the data produced by its food platform. This was incredibly frustrating for Just Eat’s analysts and data scientists, who had to waste time cleaning up sources instead of leveraging the data to create a better user experience. 

Just Eat turned to Google Cloud, and now uses machine learning (ML) to power sophisticated consumer recommendations on both its app and website. It also makes heavy use of features offered by Google Cloud Platform, including BigQuery for running analytics on its customer data set and Cloud Pub/Sub for messaging app users with relevant offers in real-time. 

Having all of Just Eat’s data in one platform has translated into real value for its customers. With Google Cloud tools, Just Eat has created its own proprietary Customer Ontology framework, which today contains 5.5 billion features that better understand consumers’ behavior and food habits, and provides insights into previous visits.

Just Eat recently created an “Adventurous Index” to map its customers according to their ordering habits, enabling them to tailor their marketing and user experiences. For example, mid-adventurous customers are shown a choice of restaurants that serve their most ordered cuisine, while adventurous customers can choose from restaurants that serve a wider variety. This not only has prompted consumers to be more adventurous with their choices, but also has led to more business at a more diverse set of restaurants.

Matt Cresswell, Director of Customer Platforms at Just Eat said that Google Cloud has become integral to its product delivery: “Consumer food choice is a hugely nuanced topic. We know that individuals have their own unique journeys when they use Just Eat. We’ve sought to create a truly one-to-one relationship with every customer. The changes we’ve made to the platform mean they can access the dishes they enjoy at the touch of a fingertip, and find inspiration to discover new dishes they’ll love. We’re grateful to Google Cloud for helping us support our customers on their culinary explorations.”

Who would have known that today technology would enable us with the ability to use machine learning to track vessel activity, and make pattern inferences to help address IUU (illegal, unreported, and unregulated) fishing activities. What’s even more noteworthy is that we now have the computing power to share this information publicly in order to enable fair and sustainable use of our ocean. 

An amazing group of humans at the nonprofit Global Fishing Watch took on this massive big data challenge and succeeded. You can immediately access their dynamic map on their website globalfishingwatch.org/map that is bringing greater transparency to fishing activity and supporting the creation and management of marine protected areas throughout the world.

In our second episode of our People and Planet AI series we were inspired by their ML solution to this challenge, and we built a short video and sample with all the relevant code you need to get started with building a basic time-series classification model in Google Cloud, and visualize it in an interactive  map. 

Architecture

These are the components used to build a model for this sample:

• Global Fishing Watch GitHub: where we got the data
• Apache Beam: (open source library) runs on Dataflow. 
• Dataflow: (Google’s data processing service) creates 2 datasets; 1 for training a model and the other to evaluate its results.
• TensorflowKeras: (high level API library) used to define a machine learning model, which we then train in Vertex AI.
• Vertex AI: (a platform to build, deploy, and scale ML models) we train and output the model.

Pricing and steps

The total cost to run this solution was less than $5. 

There are seven steps we went through with their approximate time and cost:

Why do we use a time series classification model? 

Vessels in the ocean are constantly moving, which creates distinctive patterns from a satellite view.

 We can train a model to recognize the shapes of a vessel’s trajectory. Large vessels are required to use the automatic identification system, or AIS. The GPS-like transponders  regularly broadcast a vessel’s maritime mobile service identity, or MMSI, and other critical information to nearby ships, as well as to terrestrial and satellite receivers. While AIS is designed to prevent collisions and boost overall safety at sea, it has turned out to be an invaluable system for monitoring vessels and detecting suspicious fishing behavior globally.

One tricky part is that the MMSI data location signal (which includes a timestamp, latitude, longitude, distance from port, and more) is not emitted at regular intervals. AIS broadcast frequency changes with vessel speed (faster at higher speeds), and not all AIS messages that are broadcast are received – terrestrial receivers require line-of-sight, satellites must be overhead, and high vessel density can cause signal interference. For example, AIS messages might be received frequently as a vessel leaves the docks and operates near shore, then less frequently as they move further offshore until satellite reception improves.  This is challenging for a machine learning model to interpret. There are too many gaps in the data, which makes it hard to predict.

A way to solve this is to normalize the data and generate fixed-sized hourly windows. Then the model can predict if the vessel is fishing or not fishing for each hour.

It could be hard to know if a ship is fishing or not by just looking at its current position, speed, and direction. So we look at the data from the past as well, looking at the future could also be an option if we don’t need to do real time predictions. For this sample, it seemed reasonable to look 24 hours into the past to make a prediction. This means we need at least 25 hours of data to make a prediction for a single hour (24 hours in the past + 1 current hour). But we could predict longer time sequences as well. In general, to get hourly predictions, we need (n+24) hours of data.

Options to deploy and access the model

For this sample specifically we used Cloud Run to host the model as a web app so that other apps can call it to make predictions on an ongoing basis; this is our favorite in terms of pricing if you need to access your model from the internet over an extended period of time (charged per prediction request). You can also host it directly from Vertex AI where you trained and built the model, just note there is an hourly cost for using those VMs even if they are idle. If you do not need to access the model over the internet, you can make predictions locally or download the model onto a microcontroller if you have an IoT sensor strategy.

Want to go deeper?

If you found this project interesting and would like to dive deeper either into the specifics of the thought process behind each step of this solution or even run through the code in your own project (or test project); we invite you to check out our interactive sample hosted on Colab, which is a free Jupyter notebook.  It serves as a guide with all the steps to run the sample, including visualizing the predictions on a dynamically moving map using an open source Python library called Folium. 

There’s no prior experience required! Just click “open in Colab” which is linked at the bottom of GitHub.

You will need a Google Cloud Platform project. If you do not have a Google Cloud project you can create one with the free $300 Google Cloud credit, you just need to ensure you set up billing, and later delete the project after testing the desired sample.

🌏🌎🌍 We hope to inspire you to build other beautiful climate-related solutions.